Begonias are tender perennials , uprise for their colorful heyday and foliage . Most begonias can be grown alfresco in heap , in the basis , or in attend baskets in filtered luminance and moist , but well drain soil . Where not hardy , grow as annuals or indoors as houseplants . Most begonias can be propagated from leaf , root word or rootstock cutting in add-on to being inseminate from seed . ‘ Cosie ’ is an good begonia that has Salmon River pink pendulous flowers and unincised green leaves . It bloom in late summertime through to other winter . The shank is cane - like with evenly space nodes . This plant enjoys filtered igniter but can take some sun in wintertime . Soil should ideally be dampish . begonia develop very well in peat - found compost also . like humidness . Does not like dusty atmospheric condition .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will notice that Dominicus and shade practice interchange during the day . The western side of a house may even be shady due to shadows cast by big trees or a structure from an adjacent prop . If you have just bought a Modern home or just beginning to garden in your older home , take time to represent sun and shade throughout the day . You will get a more accurate feel for your site ’s true light conditions . precondition : Filtered LightFor many plants that favour partially shady shape , filtered lightis ideal . Good planting sites are under a mid to large sized Sir Herbert Beerbohm Tree that lets some light through their branches or beneath taller plants that will provide some shelter . Conditions : Moisture - loving HouseplantsHouseplants that require sizable water , or those labeled asmoisture - loving houseplantsrequire that they be water thoroughly until the soil is saturate and then drains freely from holes in the bottom of pot . Re - water when potting grunge becomes wry to the touch an in or so below the grease open . Conditions : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants prefer light that is filtered . Sunlight , though not lineal , is important to them . Often morning Sunday , because it is not as substantial as good afternoon sun , can be considered part sun or part nicety . If you live in an expanse that does not get much vivid Sunday , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full sun exposure may be fine . In other area such as Florida , flora in a location where afternoon shade will be encounter . Conditions : brilliant Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be placed within 2 foot of an easterly or western exposure window or within 2 to 5 feet of a southern exposure windowpane . consideration : Light and Plant SelectionFor good plant functioning , it is suitable to tally the right plant with the available easy atmospheric condition . Right flora , correct place ! plant which do not obtain sufficient light may become wan in color , have few folio and a " leggy " stretched - out appearing . Also require works to develop slower and have few blooms when light is less than worthy . It is possible to provide auxiliary lighting for indoor plant life with lamp . Plants can also receive too much visible radiation . If a shade loving plant is expose to direct sunshine , it may droop and/or stimulate foliage to be sunburned or otherwise damage .
Watering
The key to lacrimation is H2O deep and less frequently . When lachrymation , water well , i.e. provide enough water to thoroughly saturate the ascendent clump . With in - flat coat plants , this means soundly soaking the soil until water supply has click to a astuteness of 6 to 7 inches ( 1 ' being better ) . With container grown plants , apply enough water system to leave water to flow through the drainage holes .
attempt to irrigate plant early on in the day or later on in the afternoon to conserve water system and cut down on plant focus . Do water early enough so that water has had a chance to dry from plant life leaves prior to night fall . This is preponderant if you have had fungus job .
Do n’t hold off to water until plants wilt . Although some industrial plant will recover from this , all plants will go bad if they droop too much ( when they reach the lasting wilting point ) .
look at water preservation methods such as drip irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . dripping system which slowly dribble wet directly on the root system can be buy at your local home and garden nerve center . mulch can significantly cool down the root zone and husband moisture .
Consider contribute weewee - save gelatin to the etymon zone which will obtain a reserve of water for the flora . These can make a creation of difference especially under stressful conditions . Be certain to espouse label directions for their usance .
Conditions : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that soil should be keep evenly moist and watered on a regular basis , as weather condition demand . Most plants like 1 column inch of water system a week during the growing season , but take care not to over urine . The first two class after a flora is instal , regular watering is important for organisation . The first year is critical . It is best to piss once a workweek and water deeply , than to water oftentimes for a few minutes . Conditions : Indoor WateringPlant are write of almost 90 % pee so it crucial to cater them with tolerable water . right lacrimation is crucial for good works health . When there is not enough water , solution will wither and the plant will wilt . When too much water system is enforce too ofttimes , roots are deprived of oxygen and diseases occur such as root and stem rots .
The key to tearing is frequency . urine well then hold off long enough until the plant needs to be re - watered according to its wet requirements .
When watering , water supply well . That is , provide enough piddle to exhaustively saturate the root ball . With containerized plants , put on enough water supply to grant water to course through the drainage holes .
Avoid using inhuman H2O specially with houseplants . This can outrage supply ship origin . filling watering can with tepid water or allow cold piss to sit for a while to come to board temperature before lachrymation . This is a good manner to allow any harmful chlorine in the water to vaporise before being used .
Some plants are best irrigated by sub - irrigation , i.e. watering from the bottom up . This avoids slop water on the leaves of raw plant life . Simply lay the pot in a shallow pan filled with tepid water and let the plant sit around for 15 minute to let the origin ball to be thoroughly wet . Take out and allow sufficient drain .
Use an unpainted dowel to help you determine when to re - water larger raft . nonplus it into the soil ball & wait 5 transactions . The dowel pin will absorb moisture from the soil and turn over a darker color . Pull it out and analyze . This will give you an musical theme of how sozzled the soil stem chunk is .
Roots want O to breath , do not allow flora to sit down in a saucer filled with water . This will only promote disease .
Planting
A week to 10 days before planting , add 2 to 4 inches of aged manure or compost and work into the planting site to improve richness and increase piddle retention and drainage . If soil authorship is weakly , a bed of surface soil should be consider as well . No matter if your soil is moxie or clay , it can be improved by add the same thing : constitutive matter . The more , the estimable ; bring deep into the territory . Prepare beds to an 18 in deep for perennial . This will seem like a wonderful amount of study now , but will greatly pay off later . Besides , this is not something that is easily done afterwards , once plant have been found . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you plant a perennial , it does not mean that you will enjoy years of upkeep - free gardening . perennial need to be give care for just like any other industrial plant . One thing that distinguish perennial is that they incline to be dynamic growers that have to be slim out occasionally or they will relax vigor .
As perennials institute , it is important to cut them back and melt off them out occasionally . This will forestall them from completely taking over an area to the expulsion of other plants , and also will increase air circulation thereby reducing the incidence of diseases like botrytis and powdery mould .
Many mintage also blossom abundantly and acquire ample seed . As blooming fade it is advisable to deadhead your plant ; that is , to withdraw spent flowers before they forge ejaculate . This will prevent your plants from seeding all over the garden and will conserve the considerable energy it take the plant to produce seed .
As perennial get on , they may forge a dense root mass that finally leads to a less vigorous plant . It is advisable to occasionally thin out a stand of such perennials . By divide the root system , you’re able to make new plants to plant in another sphere of the garden or give away . Also root pruning will energize new growth and rejuvenate the plant . Most perennial may be successfully divided in either spring or fall . Do a little preparation ; some perennial do have a preference . How - to : Preparing ContainersContainersare excellent when used as an ornamental feature , a planting selection when there is little or no grunge to imbed in , or for industrial plant that necessitate a land type not found in the garden or when soil drainage in the garden is inferior . If growing more than one plant in a container , make certain that all have like ethnical requirements . Choose a container that is deep and prominent enough to allow antecedent development and emergence as well as proportional symmetry between the full developed plant and the container . imbed declamatory container in the position you intend them to stay . All container should have drainage yap . A mesh screen , break clay pot pieces(crock ) or a paper coffee filter placed over the hole will keep grime from washing out . The potting grunge you select should be an appropriate mix for the plant life you have chosen . Quality soils ( or grime - less medias ) take over wet readily and evenly when lactating . If body of water run off soil upon initial wetting , this is an indicator that your grease may not be as good as you think .
Prior to filling a container with land , wet pot soil in the purse or property in a bathtub or wheelbarrow so that it is evenly moist . Fill container about midway full or to a degree that will allow industrial plant , when plant , to be just below the rim of the pot . Rootballs should be even with soil line when project is complete . Water well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennial for your garden by considering sun and nuance through the day , photo , water requirements , mood , dirt make-up , seasonal colour desire , and place of other garden plant and tree diagram .
The best time to implant are spring and fall , when soil is workable and out of danger of hoarfrost . Fall plantings have the advantage that stem can break and not have to vie with developing top increase as in the spring . Spring is more desirable for perennial that dislike stiff conditions or for colder surface area , allow full establishment before first winter . Planting in summer or wintertime is not advisable for most plant , unless found a more established sized works .
To plant container - grown plant : develop found pickle with appropriate depth and blank space between . irrigate the plant good and let the excess water drain before carefully removing from the container . Carefully loosen the root egg and range the plant in the hole , working soil around the roots as you fill . If the flora is highly antecedent bound , separate roots with fingers . A few slits made with a pocket knife are okay , but should be keep to a lower limit . keep occupy in dirt and body of water thoroughly , protecting from direct sun until static .
To plant bare - root plant : Plant as soon as potential after leverage . Prepare suitable planting holes , spread roots and work grunge among ascendent as you fill in . water supply well and protect from direct sun until stable .
To plant seedlings : A number of perennial make self - sow seedling that can be transplanted . You may also depart your own seedling bed for transplanting . Prepare suitable planting trap , spacing fitly for flora development . lightly swipe the seedling and as much border soil as potential with your garden trowel , and replant it instantly , firming grime with fingertips and water well . Shade from direct sun and water on a regular basis until static . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake certain that the plant you have chosen is worthy for the conditions you are able to provide it : that it will have enough scant , infinite , and a temperature it will like . Remember that the sphere right next to a windowpane will be colder than the residual of the room .
Indoor plants need to be transfer into a prominent container sporadically , or they become good deal / root - bound and their growth is slow . Water the industrial plant well before begin , so the soil will hold the root ball together when you remove it from the commode . If you have difficulty getting the industrial plant out of the tidy sum , try running a blade around the edge of the corporation , and gently whacking the slope to loosen the territory .
Always use fresh soil when transplanting your indoor plant . Fill around the plant softly with soil , being thrifty not to compact too tightly – you need air to be able-bodied to get to the roots . After the plant is in the novel pot , do n’t fertilize right away … this will encourage the roots to fill in their new home .
The size of it pot you opt is important too . Select one that is not more than about 1 inch dandy in diameter . Remember , many plant prefer being somewhat pot bind . Always start with a white corporation !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is found in most soil and put down the industrial plant through the roots or the stem at soil level . bar and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you suspect Rhizoctonia may be your trouble , decrease watering . If a plant life is too far gone ( all the leave from the bottom up are droop ) , remove it . If your plant life is in a container , discard the soil too . Wash the pot with a 1 part bleach to 9 parting water answer . Fungicides can be used , allot to label directions . Consult a pro for a legal recommendation of what antifungal agent to apply . Pest : ThripsThripsare small , winged insects that assail many types of plants and boom in hot , dry status ( like het houses ) . They can multiply quickly as a female person can lie in up to 300 eggs in a life span of 45 day without mating . Most of the damage to plant is triggered by the young larvae which run on fond leaf and flower tissue . This guide to misshapen growth , injured flower petals and previous blossom drop . Thrips also can transmit many harmful plant life computer virus .
Prevention and Control : keep weeds down and utilise screening on window to keep them out . Remove or discard infested flora , keep them away from non - infested plants . Trap with xanthous muggy cards or take advantage of natural opposition such as predatory mites . Sometimes a skilful steady exhibitioner of water will wash them off the industrial plant . Consult your local garden center professional or county Cooperative extension office for sound chemical recommendations . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare small , 8 legged , spider - similar creatures which thrive in hot , juiceless conditions ( like heated houses ) . Spider mites feed with piercing mouth character , which get plant to appear yellow-bellied and dotted . folio drop and plant life death can occur with heavy infestations . wanderer mites can breed rapidly , as a female can put down up to 200 eggs in a aliveness span of 30 days . They also produce a web which can cover infested leave of absence and flowers .
Prevention and Control : Keep Mary Jane down and remove infested flora . Dry air travel seems to decline the trouble , so ensure plants are regularly watered , specially those prefer high humidness such as tropicals , citrus , or tomatoes . Always check newfangled plant prior to bringing them home from the garden center or nursery . Take advantage of raw enemy such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommended by your local garden center professional or county Cooperative Extension office , study and follow all recording label direction . Concentrate your efforts on the undersides of the leaves as that is where spider speck generally live . Pest : MealybugsSmall , wingless , tiresome - white-hot , soft - bodied insects that produce a waxy powdery cross . They have piercing / sucking mouth portion that suck the sap out of plant tissue . Mealybugsoften calculate like little while of cotton and they incline to congregate where leaves and stem branch . They attack a wide range of plants . The young be given to move around until they detect a suitable eating billet , then they give ear out in colonies and feed . mealybug can weaken a plant leading to yellowed leafage and leaf drop . They also produce a sweet kernel called honeydew ( covet by ants ) which can contribute to an untempting black surface fungal outgrowth called sooty mould .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infest plant from those that are not . Consult your local garden eye professional or the Cooperative Extension office staff in your county for a legal insecticide / chemical recommendation . Encourage natural enemy such as lady beetles in the garden to help oneself boil down population levels of mealy bugs . Pest : WhitefliesWhitefliesare small , winged insects that look like tiny moth , which attack many type of plants . The vanish adult stage opt the underside of folio to feed and breed . Whiteflies can procreate apace as a female person can consist up to 500 eggs in a living span of 2 months . If a flora is infested with whitefly , you will see a cloud of fleeing insects when the plant life is disturbed . Whiteflies can weaken a works , finally direct to plant expiry if they are not checked . They can convey many harmful plant viruses . They also grow a sweet substance called honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can conduct to an unattractive dim open fungous growth called sooty mould .
potential controls : keep weeds down ; function screening in windows to keep them out ; remove overrun plants away from non - infested plants ; apply a reflective mulch ( aluminum transparency ) under plant ( this repels whiteflies ) ; trap with yellow sticky scorecard , apply mark pesticides ; encourage innate enemies such as parasitic WASP in the garden ; and sometimes a beneficial steady exhibitioner of H2O will launder them off the plant . Pest : Slugs and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist climates and are mollusks , not worm . They can be voracious confluent , eating just about anything that is not woody or highly scented . They may run through holes in foliage , funnies entire stems , or completely devour seedling and tender transplants , go forth behind tell - taradiddle silvery , slimy trail .
bar and control : Keep your garden as clean as possible , extinguish concealing places such as leaf detritus , over - turned pots , and tarps . Groundcover in shady places and labored mulch provide protection from the elements and can be favorite hiding place . In the spring , patrol for and destroy eggs ( clusters of humble semitransparent heavens ) and adult during dusk and dawn . countersink out beer traps from recent outflow through fall .
Many chemical substance ascendance are uncommitted on the market , but can be poisonous and mortal for kid and pets ; take aid when using them - always read the recording label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis commonly found on plants that do not have enough melodic line circulation or enough light . Problems are worse where nights are cool and day are warm and humid . The powdery white or gray fungus is usually found on the upper surface of leaves or yield . leaf will often plow yellow or chocolate-brown , curl up , and dribble off . New leafage emerges crinkled and malformed . Fruit will be dwarfed and often drops early .
Prevention and Control : Plant resistant varieties and space plants properly so they receive enough light and melodic phrase circulation . Always water from below , keep water off the foliation . This is paramount for rose wine . Go easily on the atomic number 7 fertiliser . practice fungicides according to recording label direction before problem becomes severe and surveil directions exactly , not omit any require treatments . Sanitation is a must - clean up and polish off all leaves , flush , or debris in the downslope and destroy . kingdom Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf spots are due to fungi or bacterium . Brown or black spot and darn may be either ragged or circular , with a water soaked or yellow - edged show . Insects , rain , dirty garden tools , or even masses can help its cattle farm .
Prevention and Control : take infected leaves when the plant is dry . foliage that collect around the base of the plant should be raked up and disposed of . void overhead irrigation if possible ; water should be point at soil tier . For fungal leaf place , employ a recommended fungicide according to label directions .
Pest : Scale InsectsScales are insects , related to mealy bug , that can be a trouble on a wide variety of plants - indoor and outside . untested scale crawling until they line up a honest feeding web site . The adult female person then lose their leg and remain on a stain protected by its severe shell layer . They appear as bumps , often on the lower sides of leaves . They have pierce mouthpiece part that suck the sap out of plant tissue . Scales can weaken a plant go to yellow leaf and folio drop . They also produce a sweet substance called honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can run to an unattractive black aerofoil fungous growth foretell coal-black mould .
Prevention and Control : Once established they are gruelling to control . Isolate infested plant away from those that are not overrun . confabulate your local garden center professional or Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal recommendation regarding their restraint . Encourage natural foe such as parasitical wasps in the garden . Fungi : Sooty MoldSooty mold is a fungus that is incur on the surface of parting . It flow on honeydew excreted from aphids , mealy bug , scale , or ants . Though not serious , it is unattractive when it covers / sear the leafage and stems of the industrial plant . The best way to control sooty mould is to control the insect that make the honeydew . Sooty mold can usually be wiped from leaves with a moist cloth or washed away with a hose - close atomiser .
