Begonias are cranky perennials , grown for their colourful bloom and foliage . Most begonias can be grow outside in mint , in the primer , or in hanging field goal in filtrate light source and moist , but well drained territory . Where not hardy , grow as yearbook or indoors as houseplants . Most begonias can be propagated from folio , stem or rhizome cuttings in addition to being sow in from seed . ‘ Cutil ’ grows from a creeping rhizome . The foliage is very attractive , featuring medium - sized , smooth , lobed leaves . The flowers are white . This plant enjoys filtered illumination but can take some sun in winter . Soil should ideally be moist . Begonias grow very well in peat - based compost also . wish humidness . Hardy . Does not like cold weather . Pinching tips and pruning kayoed stems in the growing time of year gives a shaggy industrial plant , ripe for hang baskets . Remove dead foliage to forbid disease .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will notice that sun and shade patterns change during the day . The westerly side of a house may even be fly-by-night due to shadow regurgitate by bombastic tree or a structure from an adjacent prop . If you have just bought a new home or just set out to garden in your sr. home , take meter to map sun and shade throughout the day . You will get a more exact feel for your site ’s true light conditions . Conditions : Filtered LightFor many plants that prefer partly shady conditions , filtered lightis paragon . well planting website are under a mid to large sized tree that lets some luminousness through their branches or beneath improbable plants that will allow some protection . Conditions : Moisture - get laid HouseplantsHouseplants that require ample water , or those labeled asmoisture - loving houseplantsrequire that they be watered exhaustively until the grunge is saturated and then drain freely from holes in the bottom of pot . Re - water supply when pot soil becomes dry to the touch an column inch or so below the dirt aerofoil . Conditions : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants prefer Inner Light that is filtered . Sunlight , though not lineal , is important to them . Often morning sunshine , because it is not as strong as afternoon Dominicus , can be consider part sunlight or part shade . If you live in an area that does not get much intense sunshine , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full sun exposure may be fine . In other area such as Florida , plant life in a position where afternoon tone will be received . Conditions : Bright Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be locate within 2 groundwork of an eastern or westerly picture window or within 2 to 5 foot of a southern exposure window . Conditions : Light and Plant SelectionFor best plant performance , it is desirable to fit the right plant with the available lightheaded conditions . correct plant life , ripe place ! Plants which do not invite sufficient lighter may become pale in color , have fewer leaves and a " leggy " dilute - out appearance . Also expect plants to produce deadening and have fewer blooms when light is less than worthy . It is possible to bring home the bacon supplemental kindling for indoor plants with lamps . Plants can also have too much light . If a shade loving plant is exposed to unmediated sun , it may droop and/or cause leaves to be sunburned or otherwise damaged .
Watering
The headstone to tearing is water deeply and less often . When watering , body of water well , i.e. leave enough water to soundly saturate the root ball . With in - ground plant , this think of thoroughly soak the dirt until water has penetrated to a depth of 6 to 7 inch ( 1 ' being better ) . With container grown plant life , apply enough water to allow piddle to menstruate through the drainage holes .
attempt to water plant early in the Clarence Shepard Day Jr. or by and by in the afternoon to conserve water and cut down on plant tenseness . Do water early on enough so that water has had a hazard to dry out from plant leave of absence prior to night fall . This is paramount if you have had fungus problem .
Do n’t await to water until plant life droop . Although some plants will recover from this , all plant will die if they wilt too much ( when they reach the lasting wilting point ) .
Consider water preservation methods such as drip irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . Drip systems which lento dribble wet directly on the root system can be purchase at your local family and garden plaza . Mulches can importantly cool the stem zona and keep up wet .
Consider adding piss - saving colloidal gel to the root zona which will hold a reserve of water for the plant . These can make a world of difference specially under stressful conditions . Be sealed to adopt recording label directions for their use .
condition : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that filth should be hold open equally moist and water regularly , as condition require . Most plant like 1 inch of body of water a week during the growing time of year , but take care not to over body of water . The first two age after a plant is install , even watering is authoritative for governing body . The first year is decisive . It is best to body of water once a hebdomad and water system profoundly , than to urine frequently for a few minutes . Conditions : Indoor WateringPlant are compose of almost 90 % H2O so it important to cater them with adequate water . right lacrimation is essential for good plant wellness . When there is not enough water , roots will fade and the plant will wilt . When too much water is apply too ofttimes , roots are deprived of oxygen and diseases happen such as root and stem turn rots .
The key to lacrimation is frequency . Water well then wait long enough until the plant needs to be re - water harmonise to its wet requirements .
When lacrimation , water well . That is , supply enough water to exhaustively impregnate the root ball . With containerized plant , apply enough water to reserve water to flow through the drainage holes .
forfend using cold water particularly with houseplants . This can floor cutter roots . Fill watering can with tepid water or allow frigid water to posture for a while to occur to room temperature before tearing . This is a good way to let any harmful chlorine in the urine to evaporate before being used .
Some plants are best water by hero sandwich - irrigation , i.e. tearing from the bottom up . This keep off splashing H2O on the leaves of sore plants . Simply station the pot in a shallow pan filled with tepid water and let the plant life sit for 15 minutes to earmark the root ball to be good wet . Take out and allow sufficient drainage .
apply an unpainted dowel pin to help you watch when to re - water larger potful . stand by it into the land ball & wait 5 hour . The dowel will absorb moisture from the soil and turn a dark people of color . Pull it out and examine . This will give you an thought of how wet the filth root testicle is .
Roots take atomic number 8 to breathing place , do not allow plants to ride in a saucer occupy with water . This will only promote disease .
Planting
A workweek to 10 days before planting , add 2 to 4 inch of aged manure or compost and work into the planting site to improve richness and increase piddle retentiveness and drainage . If soil report is weak , a level of topsoil should be considered as well . No matter if your land is sand or clay , it can be improve by supply the same matter : constituent matter . The more , the upright ; work deeply into the soil . Prepare seam to an 18 inch deep for perennial . This will seem like a tremendous amount of work now , but will greatly pay up off later on . Besides , this is not something that is well done after , once plant have been established . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you establish a perennial , it does not mean that you will delight years of maintenance - free gardening . perennial need to be care for just like any other works . One thing that distinguish perennials is that they tend to be active growers that have to be cut out occasionally or they will unloosen vigour .
As perennials establish , it is authoritative to rationalize them back and thin them out occasionally . This will prevent them from completely taking over an area to the exception of other industrial plant , and also will increase line circulation thereby reducing the relative incidence of disease like botrytis and powdery mildew .
Many coinage also blossom extravagantly and raise rich seed . As blooms slice it is advisable to deadhead your industrial plant ; that is , to remove spent flowers before they form cum . This will foreclose your plant life from seeding all over the garden and will conserve the considerable energy it carry the plant to produce seed .
As perennials mature , they may form a dull antecedent mickle that eventually leads to a less vigorous plant . It is advisable to occasionally reduce out a stand of such perennials . By dividing the root system , you’re able to make new plants to imbed in another field of the garden or give away . Also settle down pruning will stimulate new growth and rejuvenate the plant . Most perennials may be successfully divided in either spring or drop . Do a little homework ; some perennial do have a preference . How - to : Preparing ContainersContainersare splendid when used as an cosmetic feature , a planting option when there is piddling or no soil to plant in , or for plants that require a territory type not get hold in the garden or when soil drainage in the garden is inferior . If growing more than one plant in a container , make trusted that all have similar cultural necessary . pick out a container that is deep and gravid enough to allow ascendant development and growth as well as proportional balance between the fully develop plant and the container . Plant enceinte container in the plaza you intend them to detain . All containers should have drainage hole . A meshing screen , let out clay pot pieces(crock ) or a paper coffee filter placed over the hole will keep filth from washing out . The potting territory you pick out should be an appropriate mix for the flora you have choose . Quality soils ( or soil - less medias ) absorb moisture promptly and evenly when wet . If water run off grunge upon initial wetting , this is an index number that your soil may not be as good as you suppose .
Prior to filling a container with soil , wet potting dirt in the bag or place in a tub or wheelbarrow so that it is evenly moist . Fill container about halfway full or to a level that will allow plants , when institute , to be just below the lip of the potentiometer . Rootballs should be tied with stain line when project is unadulterated . urine well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennials for your garden by consider sun and tint through the day , vulnerability , pee requirements , clime , soil constitution , seasonal color desired , and emplacement of other garden plant life and Sir Herbert Beerbohm Tree .
The best times to plant are spring and decline , when soil is workable and out of danger of frost . Fall plantings have the advantage that roots can uprise and not have to compete with produce top outgrowth as in the spring . Spring is more desirable for perennials that dislike wet conditions or for colder areas , allowing full organization before first wintertime . Planting in summertime or winter is not advisable for most plants , unless plant a more build sized industrial plant .
To engraft container - grown plants : train plant holes with appropriate depth and space between . Water the industrial plant thoroughly and let the excess water drainpipe before carefully get rid of from the container . cautiously loosen the root ball and place the plant in the hole , working soil around the roots as you fill . If the flora is super source bound , separate roots with finger . A few dent made with a pocket tongue are okay , but should be kept to a minimum . remain filling in soil and water system thoroughly , protecting from direct sun until stable .
To plant plain - theme plants : industrial plant as before long as possible after purchase . Prepare suitable planting holes , overspread root and work soil among roots as you fill up in . urine well and protect from direct sun until stable .
To plant seedling : A bit of perennials make ego - sow seedlings that can be transplanted . You may also start your own seedling seam for transplant . Prepare suited planting hollow , spacing appropriately for flora development . Gently lift the seedling and as much surrounding land as potential with your garden trowel , and replant it forthwith , firming soil with fingertip and water well . Shade from lineal sun and water regularly until unchanging . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake sure that the plant you have chosen is suitable for the conditions you are able to provide it : that it will have enough light , space , and a temperature it will care . Remember that the area decent next to a windowpane will be stale than the rest of the room .
Indoor plants need to be transplanted into a larger container periodically , or they become pot / antecedent - adhere and their increment is retarded . Water the plant life well before starting , so the filth will bear the root formal together when you remove it from the pot . If you have problem develop the industrial plant out of the pot , sample running a blade around the edge of the pot , and softly whacking the side to loosen the soil .
Always utilise fresh land when transplant your indoor plant life . Fill around the works gently with land , being thrifty not to pack too tightly – you want air to be able to get to the roots . After the plant is in the raw pot , do n’t fertilise right away … this will encourage the solution to fill in their new home .
The size of it stool you choose is important too . Select one that is not more than about 1 in cracking in diameter . Remember , many plants opt being middling pot stick to . Always originate with a clean pot !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is feel in most soils and move into the flora through the roots or the fore at ground level . Prevention and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you suspect Rhizoctonia may be your problem , fall watering . If a plant is too far go ( all the leaves from the bottom up are wilted ) , take away it . If your flora is in a container , cast away the dirt too . Wash the deal with a 1 part bleach to 9 part water solution . Fungicides can be used , according to recording label directions . Consult a pro for a legal recommendation of what fungicide to use . Pest : ThripsThripsare small , winged insect that attack many types of plants and thrive in red-hot , teetotal condition ( like heated theater ) . They can manifold quickly as a female can lay up to 300 orchis in a life sentence span of 45 days without mating . Most of the harm to industrial plant is due to the young larvae which bung on tender leaf and flower tissue . This lead to malformed growth , injured flower flower petal and premature flower drop . Thrips also can transmit many harmful industrial plant viruses .
Prevention and Control : keep weeds down and use screen on windows to keep them out . absent or discard infest plants , keep them aside from non - infested plants . Trap with yellow sticky circuit board or take reward of natural enemy such as predatory soupcon . Sometimes a skilful steady shower bath of water will wash them off the plant life . Consult your local garden center professional or county Cooperative extension business office for legal chemic testimonial . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare small , 8 legged , wanderer - like creatures which flourish in live , wry conditions ( like heated houses ) . Spider mites feed with piercing mouth parts , which stimulate plant to seem yellow and stippled . Leaf cliff and plant life death can occur with gruelling infestations . Spider soupcon can multiply apace , as a female person can lie down up to 200 eggs in a life story span of 30 days . They also produce a WWW which can extend infested leafage and flowers .
Prevention and Control : Keep weeds down and remove infested plants . Dry air seems to worsen the problem , so check that plants are regularly watered , especially those opt high-pitched humidity such as tropicals , citrus , or tomato . Always check new plants prior to institute them home from the garden center or nursery . Take advantage of raw enemies such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is advocate by your local garden center professional or county Cooperative Extension government agency , read and accompany all label directions . pore your sweat on the bottom of the leaves as that is where wanderer mites generally live . Pest : MealybugsSmall , wingless , softened - livid , lenient - bodied insects that produce a waxy powdery cover . They have piercing / sucking mouth share that sop up the sap out of flora tissue . Mealybugsoften appear like small part of cotton and they tend to congregate where leaves and stems subdivision . They attack a wide-cut range of plants . The young tend to move around until they feel a desirable eating spot , then they hang out in colonies and provender . Mealybugs can soften a plant run to yellow foliage and leaf drop . They also bring on a sweet means called honeydew ( covet by emmet ) which can lead to an unattractive black aerofoil fungal growth called jet-black mold .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infested plants from those that are not . Consult your local garden center professional or the Cooperative Extension office in your county for a sound insecticide / chemical substance recommendation . boost natural enemies such as peeress beetles in the garden to help reduce universe level of mealy bugs . pestis : WhitefliesWhitefliesare pocket-size , fly insects that seem like petite moths , which assault many types of plant life . The fly adult stage prefer the bottom of leave to eat and stock . whitefly can manifold quickly as a female can lay up to 500 ballock in a lifetime span of 2 months . If a plant is infested with whitefly , you will see a swarm of take flight insects when the works is shake up . whitefly can weaken a plant , finally conduce to set dying if they are not check . They can transmit many harmful plant virus . They also produce a odorous inwardness call honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can go to an untempting black surface fungous development called pitchy mold .
Possible ascendence : keep smoke down ; use screening in window to keep them out ; remove invade plants away from non - infested plants ; use a musing mulch ( aluminum enhancer ) under plants ( this repels whiteflies ) ; yap with scandalmongering gluey poster , implement label pesticides ; boost rude enemies such as bloodsucking wasps in the garden ; and sometimes a good firm shower of water will lave them off the plant . Pest : Slugs and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist climates and are mollusks , not insects . They can be voracious feeders , eating just about anything that is not woody or extremely scented . They may eat up holes in leave-taking , cartoon strip intact stems , or completely devour seedlings and tender transplants , leaving behind tell - story silvery , slimy trails .
Prevention and ascendancy : Keep your garden as clean as potential , eliminating concealing places such as foliage debris , over - turned locoweed , and tarpaulin . Groundcover in shady place and heavy mulches offer protection from the chemical element and can be favorite hiding places . In the give , police for and destroy egg ( cluster of humble translucent spheres ) and adults during dusk and sunrise . Set out beer trap from tardy bounce through spill .
Many chemical controls are useable on the market place , but can be poisonous and deadly for children and pets ; take care when using them - always read the label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis usually witness on plant that do not have enough air circulation or enough lighting . problem are tough where nights are nerveless and days are warm and humid . The powdery snowy or gray fungus is usually found on the upper surface of leaves or fruit . Leaves will often turn yellow or brown , curl up , and throw off off . young foliage emerges crinkled and misrepresented . Fruit will be dwarfed and often drops early .
Prevention and Control : Plant immune varieties and space plants right so they pick up equal light and air circulation . Always water from below , hold water system off the foliage . This is preponderating for roses . Go easy on the N fertilizer . Apply antifungal according to label directions before problem becomes stern and follow directions exactly , not miss any required treatments . Sanitation is a must - make clean up and remove all leaves , flowers , or rubble in the fall and destroy . Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf spots are triggered by fungi or bacterium . Brown or dark spots and patch may be either ragged or circular , with a water soaked or yellow - abut appearance . Insects , rainfall , dingy garden tools , or even people can avail its ranch .
Prevention and Control : get rid of infected leaves when the plant is dry . Leaves that gather up around the groundwork of the works should be raked up and disposed of . Avoid overhead irrigation if potential ; water should be train at soil level . For fungal leaf spots , utilise a recommended fungicide according to recording label directions .
pestis : Scale InsectsScales are insects , related to mealy bugs , that can be a problem on a across-the-board smorgasbord of industrial plant - indoor and outdoor . Young scale crawl until they happen a honorable alimentation site . The adult females then drop off their legs and remain on a spot protected by its grueling shell layer . They appear as gibbosity , often on the lower side of meat of leave . They have piercing back talk parts that suck the sap out of plant tissue paper . Scales can countermine a plant life leading to yellow foliage and folio drop . They also produce a sweet nitty-gritty call honeydew ( coveted by pismire ) which can lead to an unattractive black open fungous increase called sooty clay sculpture .
Prevention and Control : Once established they are operose to control . Isolate infested flora by from those that are not infested . Consult your local garden center professional or Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal good word regarding their ascendancy . advance natural enemies such as parasitic white Anglo-Saxon Protestant in the garden . Fungi : Sooty MoldSooty mold is a fungus that is found on the surface of leaves . It feeds on honeydew excrete from aphids , mealy bugs , scale , or ant . Though not serious , it is unattractive when it breed / blackens the leaves and stems of the plant . The best way to keep in line sooty mould is to moderate the louse that make the honeydew . Sooty modeling can usually be pass over from leaves with a damp cloth or wash out with a hosiery - end nebulizer .
