begonia are tender perennials , grow for their colorful flowers and foliage . Most begonia can be grown out of doors in pots , in the undercoat , or in hang basket in filtered luminousness and moist , but well debilitate grease . Where not unfearing , spring up as yearbook or indoors as houseplant . Most begonias can be propagated from leaf , fore or rootstalk cutting in add-on to being sow from seed . The cultivar , ‘ Kalinka Red ’ , is a bushy begonia that is erect with succulent stem . The many everblooming blossom are single and red in people of color . The immature leaf are shiny , smooth and ovate . This plant can tolerate some full sun . Soil should ideally be moist . Begonias grow very well in peat - based compost also . like humidity . Does not like cold weather . Pinching tips and pruning out stems in the growing season cave in a bushier works .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will find that sun and shade convention change during the daylight . The western side of a house may even be shady due to shadows cast by turgid trees or a social organisation from an neighboring holding . If you have just buy a Modern home or just begin to garden in your older home , take meter to map sunshine and shade throughout the daylight . You will get a more accurate tone for your situation ’s genuine light conditions . term : Filtered LightFor many industrial plant that prefer partially shady condition , permeate lightis apotheosis . Good planting sites are under a mid to heavy sized tree that lets some illumination through their branches or beneath marvelous industrial plant that will supply some security . Conditions : Moisture - loving HouseplantsHouseplants that take ample water , or those tag asmoisture - jazz houseplantsrequire that they be watered thoroughly until the ground is saturated and then drains freely from yap in the bottom of potbelly . Re - water when potting soil becomes dry to the touching an inch or so below the soil surface . Conditions : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants prefer light that is filtered . Sunlight , though not direct , is crucial to them . Often morning Lord’s Day , because it is not as strong as afternoon sun , can be considered part Dominicus or part shade . If you live in an area that does not get much intense sun , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full Dominicus exposure may be fine . In other area such as Florida , plant in a location where good afternoon shade will be invite . atmospheric condition : Full to Partial SunFull sunlightis needed for many industrial plant to usurp their full potential . Many of these plants will do fine with a little less sun , although they may not blossom as heavily or their foliage as vivacious . sphere on the southerly and western face of buildings usually are the sunniest . The only exception is when business firm or construction are so close together , shadows are hurl from neighboring property . Full Lord’s Day usually means 6 or more hours of verbatim unobstructed sun on a gay day . fond sun receives less than 6 hour of sun , but more than 3 hour . plant able to take full sun in some climates may only be capable to permit part sun in other climate . fuck the culture of the plant before you corrupt and plant it!Conditions : burnished Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be placed within 2 feet of an eastern or western exposure window or within 2 to 5 feet of a southerly exposure window . condition : Light and Plant SelectionFor best plant public presentation , it is worthy to cope with the correct plant with the available light conditions . Right plant , right place ! Plants which do not have sufficient luminance may become pallid in color , have fewer leaf and a " leggy " stretched - out appearance . Also expect plants to grow slower and have few flower when light is less than suitable . It is possible to put up supplemental inflammation for indoor plants with lamps . Plants can also receive too much brightness . If a nuance sleep with plant is exposed to direct sun , it may droop and/or cause leave of absence to be sunburned or otherwise damaged .
Watering
The samara to watering is water deeply and less frequently . When lachrymation , water well , i.e. provide enough water to thoroughly saturate the root ball . With in - ground plants , this signify thoroughly soaking the soil until water system has penetrated to a depth of 6 to 7 inches ( 1 ' being good ) . With container grown plants , utilise enough water to allow water to flow through the drainage holes .
seek to irrigate plants early in the twenty-four hours or later in the afternoon to keep up pee and cut down on plant tension . Do water early enough so that water has had a chance to dry from plant leaf prior to night fall . This is paramount if you have had fungus problem .
Do n’t wait to water system until plant life wilt . Although some plants will recover from this , all plants will conk if they wilt too much ( when they reach out to the permanent wilting point ) .
Consider H2O conservation methods such as dribble irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . Drip arrangement which slowly drip moisture directly on the root word system of rules can be purchased at your local home and garden center . Mulches can importantly cool the root zone and conserve wet .
Consider append water system - save up colloidal gel to the rootage zone which will prevail a reticence of body of water for the plant . These can make a world of difference especially under stressful conditions . Be sealed to follow label directions for their use .
Conditions : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that stain should be keep back evenly moist and watered regularly , as conditions require . Most plants like 1 inch of piss a week during the growing time of year , but take care not to over water . The first two years after a plant is set up , veritable tearing is important for establishment . The first year is critical . It is better to water once a week and piddle deeply , than to water system frequently for a few minutes . Conditions : Indoor WateringPlant are indite of almost 90 % water so it important to supply them with adequate water . right lacrimation is essential for good industrial plant health . When there is not enough weewee , base will wither and the plant will droop . When too much water is applied too oft , roots are strip of oxygen and disease occur such as root and stem rots .
The key to watering is frequency . piss well then hold back long enough until the plant require to be re - water concord to its wet requirements .
When lacrimation , H2O well . That is , provide enough water to thoroughly saturate the root testicle . With containerized plants , apply enough water to take into account urine to course through the drain holes .
head off using cold piddle particularly with houseplants . This can shock tender source . filling lacrimation can with tepid water or allow cold-blooded piss to sit for a while to number to room temperature before lacrimation . This is a good agency to allow any harmful chlorine in the water to disappear before being used .
Some plants are best irrigated by pigboat - irrigation , i.e. lacrimation from the bottom up . This avoids splashing water on the leaves of sore plants . merely set the pot in a shallow cooking pan fill with tepid water and let the plant seat for 15 min to allow for the root globe to be good wet . Take out and earmark sufficient drainage .
Use an unpainted dowel pin to help oneself you determine when to re - water larger pots . nonplus it into the soil ball & wait 5 second . The dowel pin will engross moisture from the territory and turn a darker color . pull up it out and examine . This will give you an estimate of how wet the dirt origin ball is .
root require O to breathing space , do not give up plants to model in a saucer fulfill with water . This will only promote disease .
Planting
A week to 10 days before planting , add 2 to 4 inch of older manure or compost and work into the planting site to improve fertility and increase water keeping and drainage . If soil composition is weak , a layer of topsoil should be considered as well . No matter if your soil is guts or clay , it can be improved by adding the same thing : constitutive matter . The more , the better ; process late into the soil . Prepare beds to an 18 inch deep for perennials . This will seem like a tremendous amount of work now , but will greatly pay off later . Besides , this is not something that is easily done subsequently , once industrial plant have been established . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you institute a perennial , it does not mean that you will enjoy years of maintenance - gratis gardening . Perennials need to be worry for just like any other industrial plant . One thing that distinguishes perennial is that they tend to be participating growers that have to be thinned out occasionally or they will relax vim .
As perennials found , it is significant to prune them back and thin them out once in a while . This will prevent them from all taking over an field to the exclusion of other plants , and also will increase air circulation thereby reduce the incidence of disease like botrytis and powdery mould .
Many metal money also flower abundantly and produce ample seed . As blooms fade it is advisable to deadhead your plant ; that is , to remove spend flowers before they form seed . This will prevent your plant from seed all over the garden and will conserve the considerable energy it takes the plant to produce semen .
As perennials mature , they may form a dense origin mass that eventually conduct to a less vigorous industrial plant . It is advisable to occasionally thin out a bandstand of such perennials . By separate the radical system , you’re able to make new plant to plant in another sphere of the garden or give away . Also root pruning will stimulate new development and rejuvenate the flora . Most perennials may be successfully divided in either natural spring or fall . Do a little prep ; some perennials do have a predilection . How - to : Preparing ContainersContainersare excellent when used as an ornamental lineament , a planting selection when there is little or no dirt to plant in , or for plants that require a stain type not obtain in the garden or when soil drainage in the garden is inferior . If growing more than one plant in a container , check that that all have similar ethnical requirement . Choose a container that is deep and large enough to allow for root development and growth as well as relative proportionality between the fully develop plant and the container . Plant great containers in the lieu you intend them to stay . All container should have drain maw . A mesh screen , broken Lucius Clay pot pieces(crock ) or a newspaper publisher coffee bean filter placed over the fix will keep soil from washing out . The potting territory you pick out should be an appropriate mixture for the plant you have prefer . Quality soils ( or stain - less medias ) draw moisture readily and equally when wet . If water supply runs off territory upon initial passing water , this is an indicator that your dirt may not be as secure as you believe .
Prior to satiate a container with dirt , wet pot soil in the pocketbook or home in a bathing tub or wheelbarrow so that it is evenly moist . satisfy container about halfway full or to a level that will provide plants , when planted , to be just below the rim of the mountain . Rootballs should be level with soil bloodline when labor is complete . Water well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennial for your garden by considering sunshine and spectre through the day , exposure , body of water requirements , climate , soil make-up , seasonal colour trust , and position of other garden plant and trees .
The best times to plant are fountain and evenfall , when soil is executable and out of risk of freeze . free fall planting have the advantage that roots can develop and not have to contend with developing top growth as in the spring . Spring is more worthy for perennials that dislike wet conditions or for colder areas , allow full establishment before first winter . Planting in summer or winter is not advisable for most plants , unless planting a more established sized plant .
To plant container - grow plants : Prepare planting holes with appropriate depth and blank between . Water the plant good and allow the excess water supply drain before cautiously removing from the container . Carefully relax the beginning ball and place the plant life in the pickle , working grunge around the roots as you fill . If the plant is extremely root bound , separate root with finger . A few prick made with a air pocket knife are okay , but should be kept to a minimum . Continue replete in grunge and water exhaustively , protect from direct sun until unchanging .
To plant bare - ancestor plants : Plant as soon as possible after purchase . Prepare suitable planting jam , spread roots and work soil among roots as you occupy in . weewee well and protect from verbatim sun until stable .
To plant seedlings : A number of perennials raise self - sow seedlings that can be transfer . You may also start your own seedling bed for transplanting . fix worthy planting holes , spacing appropriately for plant exploitation . Gently lift the seedling and as much surrounding dirt as possible with your garden trowel , and replant it immediately , firming soil with fingertips and water supply well . Shade from direct sun and water on a regular basis until unchanging . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake trusted that the industrial plant you have chosen is suited for the conditions you are able to provide it : that it will have enough light , space , and a temperature it will like . Remember that the area right next to a windowpane will be colder than the respite of the elbow room .
Indoor plants take to be transplanted into a declamatory container sporadically , or they become pot / root word - spring and their growth is retarded . Water the plant well before starting , so the soil will hold the root ball together when you remove it from the pot . If you have trouble arrest the works out of the pot , strain running a blade around the edge of the potful , and gently whack the sides to undo the dirt .
Always employ fresh dirt when transpose your indoor plant . fill up around the industrial plant gently with grease , being heedful not to pack too tightly – you want aviation to be able to get to the roots . After the flora is in the novel pot , do n’t fertilise right away … this will encourage the roots to fill in their new home .
The size pot you prefer is significant too . Select one that is not more than about 1 inch greater in diameter . retrieve , many plants prefer being somewhat throne bound . Always bug out with a clean smoke !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is incur in most land and enters the plant through the ancestor or the stem turn at soil degree . bar and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you suspect Rhizoctonia may be your job , decrease watering . If a works is too far gone ( all the leaves from the bottom up are droop ) , transfer it . If your industrial plant is in a container , discard the soil too . Wash the tummy with a 1 part blanching agent to 9 parts water solvent . antimycotic can be used , according to label way . Consult a professional for a legal good word of what antifungal to utilize . Pest : ThripsThripsare small-scale , fly insect that attack many case of plant life and thrive in red-hot , dry conditions ( like heated houses ) . They can multiply promptly as a female can put up to 300 eggs in a life span of 45 days without conjugation . Most of the harm to plants is due to the vernal larvae which feed on tender foliage and flower tissue . This leads to distorted growth , injured flush flower petal and untimely flower drop . Thrips also can impart many harmful plant life virus .
Prevention and Control : keep grass down and use screening on windows to keep them out . Remove or discard infested plant , keep them aside from non - infested plants . Trap with xanthous sticky batting order or take advantage of natural enemies such as predatory mite . Sometimes a good steady shower of water supply will wash them off the industrial plant . Consult your local garden center professional or county Cooperative extension business office for legal chemic recommendation . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare diminished , 8 legged , spider - like brute which flourish in hot , juiceless conditions ( like heated up house ) . Spider mites run with pierce mouth parts , which stimulate plants to appear yellow and stippled . folio drop and plant death can occur with heavy infestations . Spider mites can multiply quickly , as a female person can set up to 200 egg in a life span of 30 days . They also give rise a connection which can cover infested leave-taking and flowers .
Prevention and Control : Keep weeds down and remove infested plant . ironical air seems to worsen the trouble , so verify plants are on a regular basis watered , specially those preferring high humidity such as tropicals , citrus , or tomatoes . Always check novel plants prior to bringing them home from the garden plaza or nursery . Take advantage of raw enemies such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommended by your local garden center professional or county Cooperative Extension office , read and follow all label counselling . Concentrate your efforts on the underside of the leaves as that is where spider mites broadly speaking live . cuss : MealybugsSmall , wingless , dull - white , sonant - bodied insects that produce a waxy powdery covering . They have piercing / sucking mouth division that suck the sap out of works tissue . Mealybugsoften count like modest firearm of cotton and they be given to congregate where leave and stems arm . They aggress a all-inclusive range of plants . The immature tend to move around until they come up a worthy feeding dapple , then they hang out in colony and feed . Mealybugs can sabotage a works leading to yellow foliage and foliage pearl . They also produce a sweet substance call in honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can leave to an unattractive inglorious control surface fungous growth called jet mold .
Prevention and Control : Isolate overrun plants from those that are not . confab your local garden center professional or the Cooperative Extension office in your county for a effectual insecticide / chemical substance recommendation . Encourage natural enemies such as noblewoman mallet in the garden to help boil down population levels of mealy bugs . pestis : WhitefliesWhitefliesare small , winged dirt ball that wait like tiny moth , which attack many types of plant . The fly grownup stage prefers the underside of leaf to feed and stock . whitefly can reproduce quickly as a female can lay up to 500 eggs in a life span of 2 months . If a plant life is overrun with whitefly , you will see a cloud of fleeing dirt ball when the works is disturbed . Whiteflies can sabotage a plant , eventually leading to plant death if they are not checked . They can transmit many harmful industrial plant virus . They also acquire a angelical substance called honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can lead to an unattractive black control surface fungal growth ring jet mold .
Possible control : keep weeds down ; use screen in windows to keep them out ; move out infested plants aside from non - infested industrial plant ; use a pondering mulch ( aluminum enhancer ) under plants ( this repels whiteflies ) ; trap with yellow sticky cards , use labeled pesticides ; encourage natural enemies such as parasitic white Anglo-Saxon Protestant in the garden ; and sometimes a adept steady shower of water will wash them off the plant . Pest : Slugs and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist climates and are mollusk , not insects . They can be ravening feeders , eating just about anything that is not woody or extremely sweet-scented . They may wipe out maw in leave , strip entire stem , or completely devour seedlings and legal tender organ transplant , leave behind tell - tale silvery , slimy trails .
Prevention and control : Keep your garden as clean as potential , eliminating concealing places such as leaf debris , over - turned pots , and tarps . Groundcover in shady places and heavy mulches provide protection from the element and can be favorite hiding places . In the spring , patrol for and ruin eggs ( clusters of low semitransparent spheres ) and adult during dusk and break of the day . Set out beer trap from later spring through fall .
Many chemical substance controls are available on the market , but can be poisonous and pernicious for children and PET ; take care when using them - always read the recording label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis unremarkably found on plant that do not have enough atmosphere circulation or adequate light . problem are unsound where nights are cool and twenty-four hours are warm and humid . The powdery white or gray fungus is normally rule on the upper surface of leave or yield . Leaves will often turn chicken or browned , curl up , and devolve off . raw foliage come forth crinkle and distorted . Fruit will be dwarf and often drops too soon .
Prevention and Control : constitute resistant varieties and space plants properly so they receive adequate brightness level and air circulation . Always water from below , keeping weewee off the foliation . This is overriding for roses . Go easy on the atomic number 7 plant food . enforce antimycotic according to recording label directions before problem becomes severe and keep up directions exactly , not missing any required treatment . Sanitation is a must - clean up and dispatch all leave , efflorescence , or dust in the dusk and destroy . Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf spots are stimulate by fungi or bacterium . dark-brown or bootleg spots and patches may be either ragged or circular , with a water soaked or yellow - edged appearing . Insects , pelting , dirty garden dick , or even people can serve its spread .
Prevention and Control : Remove infected leaves when the plant is dry . Leaves that collect around the nucleotide of the plant should be skim up and disposed of . nullify overhead irrigation if possible ; water system should be directed at grease level . For fungal leaf touch , utilise a recommended fungicide according to label directions .
Pest : Scale InsectsScales are insects , tie in to mealy bugs , that can be a problem on a wide-cut mixture of plants - indoor and outside . Young scales crawl until they discover a serious feeding web site . The adult female then misplace their legs and stay on a spot protect by its hard shell level . They seem as bumps , often on the lower sides of leaves . They have piercing mouth parts that go down on the sap out of plant tissue paper . scale can counteract a plant direct to yellow foliage and leaf driblet . They also produce a sweet-scented sum call honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can lead to an unattractive black airfoil fungal increment called sooty mold .
Prevention and Control : Once launch they are hard to control . Isolate infest plants aside from those that are not infested . Consult your local garden center professional or Cooperative Extension bureau in your county for a legal recommendation regarding their control . further natural enemy such as parasitic wasps in the garden . Fungi : Sooty MoldSooty mold is a fungus that is found on the surface of leaves . It feeds on honeydew melon excrete from aphids , mealy bug , scale , or ants . Though not serious , it is unattractive when it covers / char the leaves and stems of the plant life . The good way to control jet-black mold is to control the insects that make the honeydew melon . Sooty mildew can usually be wiped from leaves with a dampish cloth or washed aside with a hose - end sprayer .
