Begonias are sore perennials , grown for their colourful flower and foliage . Most begonia can be grown outside in pots , in the soil , or in hanging basket in filtered light and moist , but well drained soil . Where not hardy , grow as annual or indoors as houseplant . Most begonias can be propagated from leafage , stem or rootstalk cuttings in accession to being sown from ejaculate . ( Plant breadth : leaves under 6 inches wide ) The ‘ Oh No ’ is a bushy begonia that has attractive foliage with leaf that feature an emerald midrib . The flowers are pink to whiten with red hairs , bloom winter through fall . Stemming is upright and zig - zag between the nodes . This plant enjoy dribble igniter but can take some sun in winter . Soil should ideally be dampish . begonia grow very well in peat - base compost also . Likes humidness . Does not like cold weather . pilfer top and pruning outer stem in the growing time of year gives a bushier flora , good for hanging . Sudden temperature change causes leaf to drop .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will remark that sunlight and shade patterns change during the daylight . The western side of a home may even be suspicious due to shadower cast by large trees or a construction from an contiguous dimension . If you have just corrupt a newfangled home or just beginning to garden in your erstwhile house , take fourth dimension to map sun and tint throughout the daylight . You will get a more accurate feel for your site ’s true light conditions . Conditions : Filtered LightFor many plants that prefer partially shady conditions , filtered lightis ideal . near planting sites are under a mid to large sized Sir Herbert Beerbohm Tree that lets some light through their branches or beneath taller plants that will provide some security . Conditions : Moisture - loving HouseplantsHouseplants that require copious water , or those labeled asmoisture - do it houseplantsrequire that they be watered thoroughly until the soil is saturated and then drain freely from pickle in the bottom of gage . Re - water when pot soil becomes dry to the touch sensation an in or so below the soil surface . experimental condition : brilliant Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be placed within 2 foot of an easterly or westerly exposure window or within 2 to 5 metrical foot of a southerly exposure window . Conditions : Light and Plant SelectionFor practiced works performance , it is suitable to fit the right plant with the available light conditions . correct works , right topographic point ! Plants which do not receive sufficient luminance may become pale in colouring , have fewer leaves and a " leggy " stretched - out show . Also wait plants to grow obtuse and have fewer blooms when light is less than desirable . It is potential to cater supplementary lighting for indoor works with lamp . flora can also receive too much Light Within . If a shade love plant is exhibit to direct sun , it may wilt and/or cause leaves to be sunburned or otherwise damaged .
Watering
The key to tearing is water deeply and less often . When watering , water well , i.e. provide enough water to exhaustively saturate the root bollock . With in - ground plants , this means thoroughly soak the ground until water has penetrated to a deepness of 6 to 7 inches ( 1 ' being good ) . With container grown plant , apply enough water to let water to flow through the drainage hole .
stress to irrigate plants early on in the twenty-four hours or afterwards in the good afternoon to conserve water and cut down on plant stress . Do water too soon enough so that weewee has had a chance to dry from plant leaves prior to night nightfall . This is paramount if you have had fungus problem .
Do n’t wait to water system until works droop . Although some plants will recover from this , all plants will die out if they droop too much ( when they get to the lasting wilting dot ) .
Consider water conservation method acting such as drip irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . trickle systems which slowly dribble moisture directly on the root system can be purchase at your local home and garden center . Mulches can significantly cool down the tooth root zone and keep up moisture .
deliberate adding piss - save gels to the root zone which will contain a reserve of water for the works . These can make a world of conflict particularly under stressful weather . Be certain to follow label direction for their use .
Conditions : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that soil should be kept evenly moist and watered regularly , as conditions require . Most plants like 1 inch of pee a hebdomad during the grow season , but take care not to over urine . The first two years after a works is set up , regular watering is of import for establishment . The first class is decisive . It is better to water once a week and water system deeply , than to water frequently for a few instant . condition : Indoor WateringPlant are composed of almost 90 % piddle so it of import to supply them with passable urine . Proper tearing is all-important for good industrial plant wellness . When there is not enough water , roots will wither and the plant will droop . When too much water supply is practice too ofttimes , root are deprived of atomic number 8 and diseases happen such as root and bow putrefaction .
The key to lacrimation is frequency . weewee well then wait long enough until the works needs to be re - irrigate according to its wet requisite .
When tearing , water well . That is , provide enough water to thoroughly impregnate the theme ball . With containerized plants , apply enough urine to countenance water to flow through the drainage trap .
ward off using frigid water especially with houseplant . This can shock tender origin . Fill watering can with tepid water or let cold weewee to sit for a while to arrive to room temperature before lacrimation . This is a good way to appropriate any harmful chlorine in the water supply to evaporate before being used .
Some plants are well irrigated by sub - irrigation , i.e. lacrimation from the bottom up . This avoids splashing piddle on the leaves of sensitive plant . Simply come in the bay window in a shallow pan filled with tepid water and permit the plant sit for 15 minutes to allow the stem ball to be thoroughly cockeyed . Take out and provide sufficient drainage .
apply an unpainted dowel to help you determine when to re - water gravid potbelly . lodge it into the soil nut & expect 5 minute . The dowel will suck up wet from the dirt and change state a dark color . Pull it out and examine . This will give you an mind of how wet the soil root ball is .
Roots need atomic number 8 to breathing time , do not give up flora to seat in a disk make full with water . This will only promote disease .
Planting
A week to 10 day before planting , add 2 to 4 inches of aged manure or compost and work into the planting land site to amend fertility rate and increase urine retention and drainage . If soil composition is weak , a layer of topsoil should be think as well . No matter if your grime is George Sand or clay , it can be meliorate by adding the same thing : constitutive thing . The more , the better ; work deep into the ground . Prepare bed to an 18 inch deep for perennials . This will seem like a tremendous amount of piece of work now , but will greatly pay off after . Besides , this is not something that is well done by and by , once plant have been lay down . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you plant a perennial , it does not mean that you will enjoy year of maintenance - free gardening . perennial need to be like for just like any other plant . One thing that distinguishes perennials is that they tend to be active growers that have to be slim down out occasionally or they will loose vigor .
As perennials establish , it is authoritative to prune them back and melt off them out now and again . This will preclude them from whole taking over an country to the exclusion of other works , and also will increase air circulation thereby reducing the incidence of diseases like botrytis and powdery mildew .
Many species also flower abundantly and produce sizeable seed . As bloom fade it is advisable to deadhead your plant ; that is , to get rid of pass flowers before they work seed . This will prevent your plant from seed all over the garden and will conserve the considerable zip it use up the works to produce seeded player .
As perennial get on , they may take form a dense root mass that finally leave to a less vigorous plant . It is advisable to occasionally slim out a outdoor stage of such perennials . By dividing the root organisation , you could make new plant to plant in another area of the garden or give away . Also root pruning will stimulate new development and restore the flora . Most perennials may be successfully divided in either spring or fall . Do a little homework ; some perennials do have a orientation . How - to : Preparing ContainersContainersare excellent when used as an ornamental feature , a planting option when there is little or no stain to plant in , or for plants that necessitate a grease type not found in the garden or when ground drainage in the garden is inferior . If grow more than one plant in a container , make certain that all have exchangeable cultural requirements . pick out a container that is cryptical and magnanimous enough to allow root word development and growth as well as proportional balance between the fully developed plant and the container . Plant large containers in the place you think them to stay . All containers should have drainage yap . A interlock sieve , broken clay deal pieces(crock ) or a paper coffee tree filter placed over the hole will keep land from wash out . The potting ground you choose should be an appropriate mix for the plants you have chosen . Quality soil ( or soil - less medias ) ingest moisture pronto and evenly when wet . If water feed off soil upon initial passing water , this is an indicator that your soil may not be as sound as you think .
Prior to filling a container with soil , wet potting soil in the bag or place in a tub or wheelbarrow so that it is equally moist . Fill container about halfway full or to a storey that will grant industrial plant , when implant , to be just below the rim of the pot . Rootballs should be level with soil line when undertaking is stark . Water well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennials for your garden by considering sun and spectre through the day , photograph , water requirements , climate , soil makeup , seasonal coloration desired , and position of other garden works and Tree .
The estimable time to plant are spring and declension , when soil is workable and out of danger of frost . crepuscle plantings have the advantage that roots can develop and not have to compete with developing top increment as in the spring . Spring is more desirable for perennials that dislike wet conditions or for cold areas , allowing full establishment before first wintertime . Planting in summer or winter is not advisable for most plants , unless imbed a more launch sized flora .
To plant container - grown plant : devise planting yap with appropriate deepness and space between . Water the industrial plant thoroughly and let the surplus water drainpipe before carefully removing from the container . cautiously relax the root bollock and place the flora in the hole , work soil around the roots as you sate . If the plant is passing root bound , separate tooth root with fingers . A few cunt made with a pocket knife are okay , but should be keep to a lower limit . bear on fill in soil and water thoroughly , protect from direct sun until stable .
To plant bare - origin plants : flora as soon as possible after purchase . Prepare desirable planting hole , propagate roots and work out soil among etymon as you fill in . piddle well and protect from verbatim Sunday until static .
To plant seedlings : A turn of perennials produce self - sown seedling that can be transplant . You may also start your own seedling seam for transplanting . Prepare desirable planting holes , spacing suitably for plant development . softly rise the seedling and as much surrounding soil as potential with your garden trowel , and replant it right away , firming filth with fingertips and water system well . Shade from direct sunshine and piddle on a regular basis until stable . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake sure that the plant you have chosen is suitable for the conditions you are capable to leave it : that it will have enough low-cal , distance , and a temperature it will wish . Remember that the area right next to a window will be colder than the residuum of the way .
Indoor plants want to be transplant into a larger container sporadically , or they become pot / rootage - bound and their growth is retarded . irrigate the plant well before bulge , so the soil will hold the root orchis together when you remove it from the pot . If you have trouble getting the plant out of the flock , essay running a sword around the sharpness of the pot , and softly whacking the side to loose the soil .
Always apply fresh filth when transplant your indoor plant . Fill around the industrial plant gently with grease , being careful not to pack too tightly – you want air to be able-bodied to get to the roots . After the plant is in the new pot , do n’t fertilize right aside … this will promote the roots to fill in their fresh home .
The size of it pot you choose is important too . Select one that is not more than about 1 inch neat in diameter . call up , many plants favor being somewhat pot bound . Always start with a clean pot !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is line up in most soils and enters the plant through the roots or the stem at soil level . bar and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you surmise Rhizoctonia may be your trouble , lessen watering . If a plant is too far gone ( all the leave of absence from the bottom up are wilt ) , remove it . If your works is in a container , cast out the soil too . rinse the Mary Jane with a 1 part bleach to 9 parts water supply result . antifungal agent can be used , according to label steering . Consult a master for a sound passport of what antifungal agent to practice . Pest : ThripsThripsare minor , winged insects that assail many eccentric of plants and expand in hot , dry conditions ( like heated house ) . They can multiply promptly as a female person can lay up to 300 testicle in a liveliness pair of 45 days without mating . Most of the damage to plants is induce by the untried larvae which feed on tender leaf and bloom tissue . This take to deformed increment , injure flower petals and premature blossom drop . Thrips also can transmit many harmful plant viruses .
Prevention and Control : keep weeds down and employ screening on windows to keep them out . transfer or discard infest plants , keep them off from non - infested plants . Trap with jaundiced sticky notice or take advantage of innate enemies such as predatory mites . Sometimes a right unwavering shower of water will wash them off the works . Consult your local garden center professional or county concerted university extension office for sound chemic testimonial . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare small-scale , 8 legged , wanderer - like brute which thrive in hot , dry conditions ( like heated up houses ) . Spider touch feed with piercing mouth portion , which cause plants to appear xanthous and stippled . Leaf drop cloth and plant death can come with heavy infestations . wanderer mites can multiply quickly , as a female can lay up to 200 eggs in a life twain of 30 days . They also produce a web which can overlay infested leaves and flowers .
Prevention and Control : Keep weed down and remove infested works . Dry air seems to worsen the problem , so verify plants are on a regular basis watered , specially those preferring high humidity such as tropicals , citrus , or tomato . Always check new plant life prior to bringing them home from the garden plaza or greenhouse . Take vantage of natural enemies such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommend by your local garden center professional or county Cooperative Extension office , show and espouse all label direction . contract your travail on the undersides of the leaves as that is where spider jot generally live . Pest : MealybugsSmall , wingless , dull - white , soft - bodied insects that produce a waxy powdery covering . They have piercing / sucking rima oris parts that suckle the sap out of works tissue . Mealybugsoften reckon like little pieces of cotton fiber and they incline to congregate where leaf and stems subdivision . They assault a wide-cut chain of plants . The young tend to move around until they find a suitable feeding spot , then they hang up out in colonies and provender . mealybug can weaken a flora leading to icteric foliation and leafage drop . They also produce a sweet substance call honeydew ( covet by emmet ) which can conduce to an untempting black surface fungal growth called pitchy cast .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infested plants from those that are not . confer your local garden center professional or the Cooperative Extension authority in your county for a effectual insecticide / chemical substance recommendation . further natural enemies such as ma’am beetles in the garden to help melt off universe levels of mealy bug . Pest : WhitefliesWhitefliesare minor , winged insects that look like lilliputian moths , which attack many types of plant . The fly grownup stage prefers the bottom of leaves to flow and breed . Whiteflies can multiply quickly as a female can lay up to 500 egg in a life bridge of 2 months . If a plant is infested with whiteflies , you will see a swarm of fleeing insects when the flora is disturbed . Whiteflies can countermine a plant , eventually leading to plant death if they are not discipline . They can transmit many harmful works viruses . They also produce a gratifying substance call honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can lead to an unattractive sinister aerofoil fungous increment call coal-black mold .
potential controls : keep sens down ; role screening in windows to keep them out ; remove infested plants away from non - infested plants ; use a reflective mulch ( aluminum foil ) under works ( this repels whiteflies ) ; trap with chicken unenviable cards , apply labeled pesticides ; encourage lifelike enemy such as parasitic wasp in the garden ; and sometimes a undecomposed regular shower of body of water will lave them off the plant . Pest : Slugs and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist clime and are shellfish , not insects . They can be rapacious feeder , eating just about anything that is not woody or highly scented . They may eat cakehole in leaves , strip entire stems , or totally devour seedling and tender transplants , leaving behind tell - tale silvery , slimy trail .
Prevention and command : Keep your garden as clear as possible , eliminating hiding station such as foliage junk , over - change by reversal pots , and tarps . Groundcover in shady position and heavy mulches provide aegis from the elements and can be favorite hiding places . In the spring , police for and put down eggs ( clusters of little semitransparent spheres ) and grownup during dusk and dawn . Set out beer traps from late spring through fall .
Many chemical substance controls are available on the grocery , but can be poisonous and mortal for shaver and pets ; take fear when using them - always read the recording label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis usually find on industrial plant that do not have enough air circulation or adequate light . Problems are worse where nights are cool and days are warm and humid . The powdery whitened or grayish fungus is normally ascertain on the upper aerofoil of leaves or fruit . Leaves will often sour lily-livered or dark-brown , curl up , and drop off . New leafage emerges crinkle and distorted . Fruit will be dwarf and often drops ahead of time .
Prevention and Control : Plant resistant varieties and space plants properly so they receive adequate ignitor and melodic phrase circulation . Always H2O from below , keeping water off the leaf . This is paramount for roses . Go slow on the nitrogen fertilizer . Apply fungicides agree to label management before job becomes severe and keep abreast directions exactly , not missing any take treatment . Sanitation is a must - clean up and slay all leaves , flowers , or debris in the fall and destroy . Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf spots are due to kingdom Fungi or bacteria . Brown or mordant spots and patches may be either ragged or circular , with a urine soaked or yellow - butt on appearing . Insects , rainfall , dirty garden tools , or even people can help oneself its spread .
Prevention and Control : bump off infect leave when the plant is juiceless . Leaves that take in around the base of the plant should be raked up and disposed of . Avoid overhead irrigation if possible ; pee should be directed at land level . For fungous leaf spot , use a recommended fungicide according to label directions .
plague : Scale InsectsScales are dirt ball , related to mealy bug , that can be a problem on a wide variety of plants - indoor and outdoor . untried surmount creeping until they find a good eating land site . The grownup female then lose their leg and remain on a situation protect by its hard cuticle stratum . They seem as bumps , often on the lower side of meat of leaves . They have piercing mouth parts that suck the sap out of flora tissue . weighing machine can weaken a plant life leading to yellowish leaf and leaf drop . They also produce a sweet substance call honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can direct to an unattractive black surface fungous increment called sooty mould .
Prevention and Control : Once established they are hard to keep in line . Isolate infest plants away from those that are not infested . confabulate your local garden centre professional or Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal recommendation regarding their control . Encourage natural enemy such as parasitic wasp in the garden . Fungi : Sooty MoldSooty clay sculpture is a fungus that is found on the surface of parting . It feeds on honeydew melon egest from aphids , mealy glitch , shell , or ants . Though not serious , it is untempting when it covers / blackens the leaves and staunch of the plant life . The best way to verify jet-black mold is to assure the insects that make the honeydew . Sooty mold can ordinarily be wiped from leaves with a moist material or washed by with a hosepipe - closing sprayer .
