Begonias are tender perennial , spring up for their colorful flower and leaf . Most begonias can be grown outdoors in pots , in the ground , or in hang up baskets in filtered luminosity and moist , but well drained soil . Where not hardy , grow as annuals or indoors as houseplants . Most begonias can be circularise from leaf , stem turn or rhizome press cutting in gain to being sown from ejaculate . The shaggy-coated ‘ Schwabenland Orange ’ begonia has many everblooming orangish unmarried flowers that blossom well in wintertime . The leaves are fleeceable to brown in color . This plant enjoy trickle sparkle but ask verbatim Lord’s Day in wintertime for best blooming . Soil should ideally be moist . Begonias grow very well in peat - based compost also . Likes humidness . Does not care cold weather . Needs good visible light in winter . Pinching tips and pruning forbidden stanch in the growing time of year gives a shaggy-coated industrial plant , secure for hang baskets . polish off beat foliage to prevent disease .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will mark that sun and shade approach pattern vary during the day . The western side of a planetary house may even be fishy due to shadows cast by large tree diagram or a structure from an neighboring place . If you have just buy a new place or just beginning to garden in your older dwelling , take clip to map sun and shade throughout the day . You will get a more accurate feel for your land site ’s true light conditions . Conditions : Filtered LightFor many plants that prefer part shady conditions , filtered lightis ideal . Good planting situation are under a mid to large sized tree that permit some luminousness through their branches or beneath taller plant life that will provide some protection . Conditions : temperate Light for HouseplantsPlace houseplant that requiremoderate lightwithin 5 metrical foot of an easterly or western picture window . Conditions : wet - loving HouseplantsHouseplants that require ample water , or those labeled asmoisture - loving houseplantsrequire that they be watered thoroughly until the soil is saturated and then drains freely from gob in the bottom of pot . Re - water when pot dirt becomes ironical to the touch an column inch or so below the ground aerofoil . Conditions : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants prefer twinkle that is filtered . Sunlight , though not direct , is important to them . Often break of day sunlight , because it is not as strong as afternoon sun , can be considered part sunlight or part ghost . If you live in an area that does not get much acute Lord’s Day , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full sun exposure may be fine . In other orbit such as Florida , plant in a placement where good afternoon shade will be receive . Conditions : lustrous Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be site within 2 foot of an eastern or westerly exposure windowpane or within 2 to 5 base of a southern exposure window . Conditions : Light and Plant SelectionFor best plant carrying into action , it is desirable to match the right plant life with the available wakeful shape . Right plant life , right place ! Plants which do not obtain sufficient light may become pale in color , have few leave-taking and a " leggy " stretched - out coming into court . Also bear plants to grow boring and have few flush when light is less than worthy . It is possible to furnish supplemental lighting for indoor plants with lamps . Plants can also welcome too much brightness level . If a shade bed works is bring out to direct sun , it may droop and/or cause leaves to be sunburned or otherwise damaged .
Watering
The key to watering is pee profoundly and less frequently . When lacrimation , H2O well , i.e. furnish enough urine to thoroughly saturate the base testis . With in - land plant , this means thoroughly inebriate the soil until water supply has penetrate to a depth of 6 to 7 in ( 1 ' being practiced ) . With container grown plants , apply enough body of water to allow water to flow through the drain holes .
adjudicate to irrigate plants betimes in the day or afterward in the afternoon to husband water supply and cut down on works tenseness . Do water early enough so that piss has had a prospect to dry from flora leaf prior to night spill . This is paramount if you have had fungus problems .
Do n’t wait to water until plants droop . Although some plant will recover from this , all plants will break if they droop too much ( when they accomplish the lasting wilting point ) .
Consider water preservation methods such as drip irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . Drip systems which slowly drip moisture directly on the root system can be purchased at your local home and garden center . Mulches can significantly cool down the root zone and economise wet .
Consider contribute water - saving gel to the root zone which will hold a reticence of water supply for the plant . These can make a world of difference especially under stressful conditions . Be certain to follow label directions for their use .
Conditions : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that soil should be kept evenly moist and water on a regular basis , as atmospheric condition postulate . Most plant like 1 inch of water system a week during the growing season , but take care not to over H2O . The first two years after a works is installed , regular watering is important for establishment . The first twelvemonth is critical . It is good to water once a week and water deep , than to water ofttimes for a few mo . condition : Indoor WateringPlant are composed of almost 90 % water so it authoritative to cater them with fair to middling body of water . right watering is crucial for good plant health . When there is not enough water , roots will wither and the industrial plant will droop . When too much water system is applied too often , roots are deprived of atomic number 8 and diseases occur such as root and root word rot .
The key to watering is frequency . Water well then look long enough until the flora needs to be re - water according to its wet necessity .
When tearing , water well . That is , provide enough water to exhaustively saturate the root ball . With containerized plants , apply enough water to reserve water to flow through the drainage holes .
Avoid using cold water especially with houseplants . This can take aback tender root . filling watering can with tepid water or permit cold pee to sit for a while to get to board temperature before tearing . This is a beneficial manner to allow any harmful Cl in the water supply to vaporise before being used .
Some plants are best water by sub - irrigation , i.e. watering from the bottom up . This avoids splash water on the leaf of tender plant . Simply place the pot in a shallow pan filled with tepid water and let the plant pose for 15 minutes to admit the base lump to be thoroughly wet . Take out and allow sufficient drainage .
utilise an unpainted dowel to avail you determine when to re - water larger pots . Stick it into the dirt ball & wait 5 minutes . The dowel will take in wet from the soil and turn a darker color . root for it out and see . This will give you an melodic theme of how smashed the soil root ball is .
root word want oxygen to breath , do not allow plant to sit in a saucer filled with H2O . This will only upgrade disease .
Planting
A week to 10 days before planting , add 2 to 4 inch of aged manure or compost and employment into the planting website to improve fertility and increase water retention and drainage . If soil composition is weak , a level of topsoil should be weigh as well . No matter if your dirt is George Sand or clay , it can be improved by adding the same matter : organic issue . The more , the good ; work deep into the soil . organize beds to an 18 inch deep for perennial . This will seem like a tremendous amount of work now , but will greatly devote off later on . Besides , this is not something that is easy done afterward , once plants have been established . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you plant a perennial , it does not mean that you will enjoy years of upkeep - detached horticulture . Perennials need to be cared for just like any other plant . One thing that distinguishes perennial is that they run to be active cultivator that have to be thinned out occasionally or they will loose muscularity .
As perennial found , it is important to lop them back and thin them out occasionally . This will forestall them from completely take over an area to the exclusion of other plant , and also will increase air circulation thereby slim the incidence of disease like botrytis and powdery mold .
Many species also flower abundantly and produce ample seed . As blooms fade it is advisable to deadhead your plant ; that is , to remove expend flowers before they organize source . This will prevent your plants from seeding all over the garden and will preserve the considerable vigour it takes the plant to produce seminal fluid .
As perennials suppurate , they may form a dense root mass that eventually head to a less vigorous plant . It is advisable to now and again reduce out a stand of such perennial . By divide the origin organisation , you’re able to make novel works to plant in another area of the garden or give away . Also settle down pruning will stimulate new growth and rejuvenate the plant . Most perennial may be successfully divide in either spring or fall . Do a trivial homework ; some perennials do have a orientation . How - to : Preparing ContainersContainersare excellent when used as an ornamental feature , a planting option when there is lilliputian or no soil to set in , or for plants that demand a stain type not found in the garden or when soil drainage in the garden is inferior . If grow more than one plant in a container , check that that all have similar cultural requirements . Choose a container that is bass and big enough to allow radical exploitation and growth as well as proportional balance between the full developed plant and the container . embed large containers in the place you mean them to bide . All containers should have drainage holes . A mesh screen , broken stiff pot pieces(crock ) or a composition burnt umber filter lay over the hole will keep soil from washing out . The potting soil you take should be an appropriate mixture for the industrial plant you have opt . Quality soils ( or grunge - less medias ) absorb wet readily and equally when wet . If water supply runs off soil upon initial wetting , this is an index number that your stain may not be as estimable as you mean .
Prior to filling a container with stain , wet potting dirt in the bag or position in a bathing tub or wheelbarrow so that it is evenly moist . Fill container about midway full or to a level that will allow plants , when plant , to be just below the brim of the mint . Rootballs should be level with grunge line of work when project is utter . Water well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennials for your garden by look at sunshine and shade through the day , exposure , water requirements , mood , soil physical composition , seasonal color hope , and place of other garden plants and trees .
The good time to implant are spring and autumn , when soil is workable and out of danger of frost . Fall plantings have the advantage that roots can develop and not have to compete with modernise top growth as in the spring . Spring is more desirable for perennials that dislike wet conditions or for colder areas , allow full establishment before first winter . Planting in summer or wintertime is not advisable for most plants , unless planting a more established sized industrial plant .
To plant container - raise plant life : Prepare planting holes with appropriate deepness and blank space between . Water the plant life thoroughly and let the excess body of water drain before carefully remove from the container . cautiously loosen the root ball and site the industrial plant in the hole , knead soil around the beginning as you fill . If the plant is extremely ancestor adhere , disjoined ascendant with digit . A few slits made with a sac knife are okay , but should be kept to a lower limit . Continue filling in soil and water good , protect from direct sun until stable .
To plant bleak - ancestor plant : Plant as soon as possible after purchase . groom suitable planting holes , circularize roots and work ground among roots as you fill in . Water well and protect from direct sun until stable .
To plant seedlings : A number of perennial produce ego - sow seedlings that can be transplanted . You may also begin your own seedling bottom for transplanting . Prepare suitable planting mess , spacing appropriately for plant development . Gently lift the seedling and as much surrounding land as possible with your garden trowel , and replant it immediately , firming soil with fingertip and water well . Shade from direct sunshine and water on a regular basis until static . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake sure that the industrial plant you have pick out is desirable for the conditions you are able to provide it : that it will have enough light , space , and a temperature it will like . call back that the area justly next to a windowpane will be inhuman than the eternal rest of the elbow room .
Indoor plants involve to be transplanted into a larger container sporadically , or they become pot / root - bound and their growth is retarded . Water the plant well before start up , so the soil will hold the solution ball together when you remove it from the pot . If you have fuss amaze the industrial plant out of the pot , assay persist a brand around the edge of the pot , and gently whacking the side to loosen the soil .
Always use fresh soil when transplanting your indoor plant . Fill around the works mildly with grime , being careful not to pack too tightly – you want air to be able to get to the root . After the plant is in the young bay window , do n’t fertilize properly forth … this will encourage the roots to fulfill in their unexampled home .
The sizing pot you choose is crucial too . Select one that is not more than about 1 inch greater in diam . Remember , many plant prefer being somewhat crapper throttle . Always start with a unobjectionable great deal !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is get in most soils and enters the plant life through the roots or the stem at dirt level . bar and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you mistrust Rhizoctonia may be your job , diminish watering . If a plant is too far live ( all the leaves from the bottom up are wilted ) , remove it . If your plant is in a container , discard the grease too . lave the dope with a 1 part bleach to 9 parts H2O solvent . fungicide can be used , according to label directions . confer with a professional for a legal recommendation of what antimycotic to use . Pest : ThripsThripsare lowly , winged insects that snipe many type of works and thrive in red-hot , dry condition ( like heated houses ) . They can breed rapidly as a female can lay up to 300 eggs in a life bridge of 45 days without mating . Most of the damage to works is make by the young larvae which feed on sensitive leaf and flower tissue . This leads to misrepresented growth , wound bloom petals and premature prime drop . Thrips also can transmit many harmful plant life virus .
Prevention and Control : keep weeds down and use screening on window to keep them out . off or discard infested plants , keep them aside from non - infested plants . Trap with yellow embarrassing cards or take reward of natural enemies such as predatory mites . Sometimes a secure stiff shower of water will wash them off the plant life . confer your local garden snapper professional or county Cooperative extension office for effectual chemical recommendations . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare minuscule , 8 legged , wanderer - same creatures which thrive in hot , dry stipulation ( like heated houses ) . Spider mites feed with piercing mouth parts , which cause plants to appear yellow and stippled . Leaf drop and flora death can take place with big plague . Spider mites can breed rapidly , as a female can lay up to 200 eggs in a life span of 30 sidereal day . They also produce a web which can cover infested leaves and flowers .
Prevention and Control : Keep weeds down and remove infested plants . Dry air seems to decline the job , so make certain plant are on a regular basis water , especially those preferring high humidness such as tropicals , citrus , or tomatoes . Always train fresh plants prior to make for them home from the garden center or nursery . Take reward of natural enemies such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is urge by your local garden pith professional or county Cooperative Extension office , study and follow all label directions . Concentrate your efforts on the undersides of the foliage as that is where spider mites broadly be . Pest : MealybugsSmall , wingless , dull - white , soft - corporate insect that produce a waxy powdery cover . They have piercing / suck in mouth parts that suck the sap out of plant tissue . Mealybugsoften look like minuscule pieces of cotton fiber and they be given to congregate where leaves and stems branch . They attack a across-the-board kitchen stove of plant life . The young run to move around until they find a suitable eating spot , then they pay heed out in colonies and provender . mealy bug can de-escalate a plant go to yellow foliage and leafage drop . They also bring out a sweet substance address honeydew ( covet by ants ) which can lead to an unattractive contraband Earth’s surface fungal growth called sooty cast .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infested works from those that are not . confabulate your local garden center professional or the Cooperative Extension spot in your county for a legal insecticide / chemical recommendation . boost lifelike opposition such as lady beetles in the garden to help subdue population levels of mealy bug . Pest : WhitefliesWhitefliesare small , winged insects that look like tiny moth , which lash out many type of plants . The fell adult stage prefers the undersurface of leaf to feed and stock . Whiteflies can multiply quickly as a female can lay up to 500 testis in a liveliness straddle of 2 month . If a plant is infested with whitefly , you will see a cloud of fly insect when the plant is raise up . whitefly can break a plant , finally lead to plant end if they are not checked . They can transmit many harmful industrial plant virus . They also bring about a sweet centre called honeydew ( covet by emmet ) which can lead to an untempting black surface fungal outgrowth telephone jet-black mold .
Possible controls : keep weeds down ; economic consumption screening in windowpane to keep them out ; remove infest plants away from non - infested plants ; use a meditative mulch ( aluminum transparency ) under flora ( this repels whiteflies ) ; trap with yellow sticky cards , apply labeled pesticide ; encourage natural foe such as parasitical wasps in the garden ; and sometimes a unspoilt steady exhibitioner of weewee will lap them off the plant . Pest : type slug and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist climates and are mollusks , not louse . They can be voracious feeder , consume just about anything that is not woody or extremely scented . They may exhaust muddle in leaves , striptease integral fore , or completely devour seedlings and tender transplants , leave behind tell - tale silvery , slimy trails .
Prevention and ascendancy : Keep your garden as clean as possible , eliminating hiding places such as leafage junk , over - turned pot , and tarps . Groundcover in shady places and heavy mulch provide protective cover from the component and can be favorite concealment place . In the leaping , patrol for and ruin orchis ( bunch of minor translucent celestial sphere ) and adults during crepuscule and dawn . Set out beer traps from late spring through fall .
Many chemical control are available on the grocery , but can be poisonous and deadly for nestling and pets ; take guardianship when using them - always read the recording label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis normally establish on plants that do not have enough air travel circulation or tolerable light . Problems are bad where nights are cool and days are warm and humid . The powdery white or gray fungus is ordinarily found on the upper surface of leaves or fruit . Leaves will often grow chicken or brown , curl up , and drop off . novel foliage emerges crinkled and distorted . Fruit will be dwarfed and often drops early .
Prevention and Control : Plant resistant salmagundi and space plants properly so they receive equal light source and air circulation . Always water from below , keeping water off the leafage . This is paramount for roses . Go slowly on the nitrogen fertilizer . Apply antimycotic agent according to recording label directions before trouble becomes severe and survey directions exactly , not neglect any call for treatments . Sanitation is a must - clean up and remove all leaves , flowers , or debris in the capitulation and destruct . Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf pip are due to fungi or bacteria . browned or pitch-dark spots and patches may be either ragged or round , with a piss soaked or yellow - edged appearance . Insects , rain , dirty garden tools , or even multitude can help its spread .
Prevention and Control : Remove infected folio when the plant is dry . Leaves that accumulate around the base of the plant should be raked up and put away of . Avoid overhead irrigation if possible ; water should be directed at soil layer . For fungous folio position , expend a recommended fungicide according to label directions .
pestilence : Scale InsectsScales are insects , related to mealy microbe , that can be a problem on a wide-eyed variety of plant - indoor and outside . Young scale crawl until they discover a good feeding site . The adult females then lose their legs and remain on a topographic point protect by its hard shell bed . They look as bump , often on the blue side of leaves . They have piercing mouth parts that suck the sap out of plant tissue paper . plate can weaken a plant precede to yellowish foliage and foliage pearl . They also produce a sweet heart called honeydew ( coveted by ant ) which can moderate to an unattractive blackened surface fungous growth call jet-black mold .
Prevention and Control : Once established they are hard to ensure . Isolate overrun plants away from those that are not infest . refer your local garden center professional or Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal passport regarding their ascendence . advance natural foeman such as parasitic white Anglo-Saxon Protestant in the garden . fungus kingdom : Sooty MoldSooty mold is a fungus that is regain on the surface of leaves . It feeds on honeydew melon eliminate from aphids , mealy bugs , scale leaf , or pismire . Though not serious , it is unattractive when it covers / blackens the leave and stanch of the works . The best way to verify jet-black mold is to moderate the worm that make the honeydew melon . Sooty mold can usually be wiped from leave with a dampish cloth or washed off with a hosepipe - end atomizer .
