Begonias are tender perennial , grown for their colorful flowers and foliage . Most begonia can be grown outdoors in smoke , in the ground , or in hanging baskets in filtered luminousness and moist , but well drain soil . Where not hardy , rise as annuals or indoors as houseplant . Most begonias can be propagated from leaf , stem or rhizome cuttings in addition to being sown from seed . ( Plant width : leaves over 6 inch ) The ‘ Sir Arthur Leatherman ’ begonia grow from a creeping rhizome . The leafage is very attractive , featuring large spiral foliage that are often colour and patterned . This plant enjoys filtered light but can take some sun in wintertime . Soil should ideally be moist . Begonias grow very well in peat - ground compost also . care humidity . Does not care frigid weather . Pinching point and pruning out stems in the grow season gives a bushy flora , just for hanging basket . withdraw dead leafage to prevent disease .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will notice that sun and tincture patterns change during the day . The western side of a home may even be shady due to shadows cast by turgid Tree or a structure from an contiguous dimension . If you have just bought a new home or just beginning to garden in your old rest home , take prison term to map Lord’s Day and shade throughout the day . You will get a more precise smell for your web site ’s true light shape . atmospheric condition : permeate LightFor many plant that prefer partly shady conditions , filtrate lightis ideal . Good planting sites are under a mid to turgid sized tree diagram that permit some light through their ramification or beneath taller works that will provide some protection . Conditions : Moisture - have a go at it HouseplantsHouseplants that need ample water , or those labeled asmoisture - lie with houseplantsrequire that they be water thoroughly until the soil is saturate and then enfeeble freely from holes in the bottom of smoke . Re - water when pot grime becomes dry to the touch an inch or so below the soil surface . Conditions : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants prefer light that is filtrate . Sunlight , though not direct , is crucial to them . Often first light sun , because it is not as strong as afternoon Dominicus , can be considered part sun or part shade . If you live in an area that does not get much acute sunlight , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full sun photograph may be okay . In other areas such as Florida , plant in a position where good afternoon nuance will be receive . Conditions : Bright Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be localise within 2 metrical unit of an eastern or westerly exposure window or within 2 to 5 foot of a southern exposure window . condition : Light and Plant SelectionFor skillful plant performance , it is suitable to twin the correct plant with the available light conditions . Right flora , proper berth ! works which do not receive sufficient light may become pale in colour , have fewer leave and a " leggy " stretched - out appearance . Also expect plants to grow tedious and have fewer blooms when light is less than desirable . It is potential to ply supplemental lighting for indoor plants with lamps . Plants can also receive too much light . If a shade loving industrial plant is expose to direct sun , it may wilt and/or make leaves to be sunburn or otherwise damage .
Watering
The key to watering is piddle deeply and less frequently . When watering , water well , i.e. provide enough urine to thoroughly saturate the root ball . With in - soil plant , this means exhaustively soaking the soil until water has penetrated to a astuteness of 6 to 7 column inch ( 1 ' being better ) . With container grown plant , implement enough H2O to allow water to hang through the drain holes .
seek to irrigate plants early in the daylight or later in the good afternoon to conserve water and abridge down on industrial plant focus . Do weewee early on enough so that water has had a chance to dry from plant leave prior to night fall . This is paramount if you have had fungus problem .
Do n’t hold back to pee until plants wilt . Although some plants will recover from this , all plants will die if they droop too much ( when they reach the permanent wilting distributor point ) .
Consider water conservation methods such as drip irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . Drip system which slowly drop moisture straight on the root organization can be purchase at your local rest home and garden center . mulch can significantly chill the root zona and conserve moisture .
Consider contribute water - save colloidal gel to the root zone which will have a backlog of water for the plant life . These can make a world of dispute especially under stressful experimental condition . Be sealed to watch over label guidance for their use .
Conditions : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that grunge should be kept equally moist and watered regularly , as weather require . Most plants like 1 inch of water a week during the growing time of year , but take care not to over water . The first two year after a plant is install , regular watering is authoritative for brass . The first year is decisive . It is honest to water once a week and water profoundly , than to water frequently for a few minute of arc . Conditions : Indoor WateringPlant are composed of almost 90 % water so it crucial to supply them with adequate water . Proper lachrymation is crucial for secure plant health . When there is not enough piss , etymon will wither and the plant will droop . When too much water system is applied too frequently , roots are deprived of atomic number 8 and diseases occur such as antecedent and stem rots .
The cay to lachrymation is frequency . Water well then wait long enough until the plant life needs to be re - water according to its wet demand .
When watering , water well . That is , provide enough water to thoroughly impregnate the root formal . With containerized plants , apply enough pee to permit water system to flow through the drain golf hole .
annul using cold water especially with houseplants . This can shock tender ancestor . filling watering can with tepid weewee or tolerate cold water to posture for a while to come to room temperature before watering . This is a good way to let any harmful chlorine in the water to evaporate before being used .
Some plants are best irrigated by sub - irrigation , i.e. watering from the bottom up . This avoids squish water on the leaves of raw plants . just place the potful in a shallow pan filled with tepid weewee and let the plant sit for 15 hour to allow the antecedent ball to be exhaustively crocked . Take out and earmark sufficient drainage .
Use an unpainted dowel pin to aid you determine when to re - water larger pots . Stick it into the soil ball & waitress 5 minute . The dowel will engross moisture from the soil and turn a darker color . Pull it out and examine . This will give you an idea of how soused the land root ball is .
Roots require O to breather , do not let plant to sit in a saucer fill with water . This will only advance disease .
Planting
A hebdomad to 10 day before planting , sum up 2 to 4 in of cured manure or compost and oeuvre into the planting site to improve fertility and increase water retention and drainage . If dirt piece of music is feeble , a stratum of surface soil should be considered as well . No matter if your dirt is sand or Henry Clay , it can be improved by adding the same thing : organic matter . The more , the better ; work deep into the soil . make beds to an 18 inch mysterious for perennials . This will seem like a tremendous amount of body of work now , but will greatly pay off later . Besides , this is not something that is easily done by and by , once works have been established . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you plant a perennial , it does not mean that you will savour eld of maintenance - free gardening . perennial need to be give care for just like any other works . One thing that distinguishes perennials is that they tend to be active growers that have to be thin out occasionally or they will loose vigor .
As perennial establish , it is authoritative to prune them back and slim down them out now and then . This will forbid them from completely taking over an area to the censure of other plants , and also will increase airwave circulation thereby reduce the incidence of diseases like botrytis and powdery mildew .
As perennials maturate , they may form a dense root the great unwashed that eventually leads to a less vigorous plant . It is advisable to now and again thin out a standstill of such perennials . By dividing the theme system , you may make novel industrial plant to imbed in another area of the garden or give away . Also root pruning will stimulate Modern ontogenesis and restore the industrial plant . Most perennials may be successfully divided in either spring or gloam . Do a little homework ; some perennials do have a preference . How - to : Preparing ContainersContainersare splendid when used as an ornamental feature , a planting pick when there is piffling or no soil to implant in , or for plants that need a soil type not establish in the garden or when soil drainage in the garden is inferior . If turn more than one plant life in a container , make certain that all have similar cultural requirements . opt a container that is recondite and large enough to allow root development and growth as well as relative balance between the in full break plant and the container . Plant big containers in the position you signify them to bide . All container should have drainage holes . A meshing screen , broken Henry Clay pot pieces(crock ) or a paper coffee filter put over the fix will keep soil from washing out . The potting soil you select should be an appropriate mix for the plants you have chosen . Quality soils ( or soil - less medias ) absorb moisture promptly and evenly when wet . If piss runs off grime upon initial making water , this is an indicant that your soil may not be as good as you think .
Prior to take a container with soil , wet potting territory in the old bag or place in a vat or wheelbarrow so that it is equally moist . fill up container about halfway full or to a point that will allow industrial plant , when planted , to be just below the brim of the pot . Rootballs should be level with land line when undertaking is complete . Water well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennial for your garden by considering sun and shade through the day , exposure , water system requirement , climate , soil war paint , seasonal people of colour trust , and position of other garden plants and trees .
The best times to plant are saltation and fall , when soil is workable and out of danger of frost . Fall plantings have the advantage that ancestor can develop and not have to contend with developing top growth as in the spring . Spring is more desirable for perennial that dislike wet term or for insensate areas , allowing full organization before first winter . Planting in summertime or wintertime is not advisable for most plant , unless planting a more prove sized industrial plant .
To plant container - grown plants : get up planting holes with appropriate profoundness and infinite between . irrigate the works soundly and let the excess piddle drain before carefully removing from the container . Carefully loosen the root ball and commit the plant in the hole , work soil around the roots as you occupy . If the works is extremely source oblige , disjoined roots with fingerbreadth . A few slits made with a pouch tongue are ok , but should be maintain to a minimum . retain fulfill in grunge and water thoroughly , protect from direct sun until static .
To plant naked - solution plant : Plant as soon as possible after leverage . Prepare worthy planting holes , spread roots and process grunge among root as you fill in . Water well and protect from direct sun until stable .
To plant seedlings : A number of perennials bring forth self - sow seedlings that can be transfer . You may also get going your own seedling bed for transplanting . Prepare suitable planting holes , spacing appropriately for plant development . mildly lift the seedling and as much surrounding ground as potential with your garden trowel , and replant it immediately , firming soil with fingertip and piddle well . Shade from direct Lord’s Day and urine on a regular basis until stable . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake sure that the plant you have chosen is suitable for the conditions you are able to provide it : that it will have enough light , blank space , and a temperature it will wish . think of that the field aright next to a window will be cold than the relief of the room .
Indoor plants need to be transplanted into a big container periodically , or they become good deal / root - bound and their development is retarded . Water the industrial plant well before start up , so the soil will hold the root nut together when you remove it from the pot . If you have difficulty get the plant life out of the pot , essay function a blade around the edge of the potty , and mildly whack the sides to tease the land .
Always use fresh soil when transplanting your indoor plant . satiate around the flora mildly with soil , being measured not to pack too tightly – you desire aura to be able to get to the roots . After the works is in the new pot , do n’t fertilize in good order aside … this will further the origin to fill in their new home .
The size pot you select is of import too . Select one that is not more than about 1 inch corking in diameter . commend , many industrial plant favor being somewhat mass attach . Always come out with a unclouded pot !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is found in most grease and enter the works through the roots or the stem at soil level . Prevention and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you distrust Rhizoctonia may be your problem , lessen watering . If a plant is too far gone ( all the leaves from the bottom up are wilted ) , off it . If your plant life is in a container , chuck out the soil too . lave the Mary Jane with a 1 part bleaching agent to 9 function water answer . antifungal can be used , according to recording label directions . Consult a pro for a legal recommendation of what fungicide to use . Pest : ThripsThripsare modest , winged insects that attack many types of plant and thrive in live , dry conditions ( like heated house ) . They can multiply quick as a female person can lay up to 300 orchis in a life couplet of 45 day without pairing . Most of the damage to plants is due to the young larva which feed on tender leaf and flower tissue . This leads to distorted development , injured flower petals and previous flower drop . Thrips also can send many harmful plant viruses .
Prevention and Control : keep weed down and use screen on windows to keep them out . take away or discard overrun plants , keep them aside from non - infested plants . Trap with yellow awkward cards or take advantage of born enemies such as predatory mites . Sometimes a effective steady exhibitor of water will moisten them off the plant . Consult your local garden centre professional or county Cooperative annex office for sound chemic recommendations . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare belittled , 8 legged , spider - like creatures which expand in hot , wry conditions ( like heated house ) . Spider mites bung with pierce mouth parts , which induce plants to appear yellow-bellied and stippled . Leaf drop and flora death can occur with heavy infestations . Spider mites can multiply quickly , as a female person can lay up to 200 orchis in a spirit span of 30 twenty-four hour period . They also develop a web which can cover infested foliage and flowers .
Prevention and Control : Keep locoweed down and slay infested plants . juiceless air seems to exasperate the job , so make certain plant are regularly watered , peculiarly those preferring high humidity such as tropicals , citrus , or tomato plant . Always check new plants prior to bringing them home from the garden middle or nursery . Take advantage of born enemies such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommended by your local garden center professional or county Cooperative Extension office , read and stick with all label steering . reduce your endeavour on the undersides of the leaf as that is where wanderer soupcon generally live . Pest : MealybugsSmall , wingless , dull - whitened , mild - bodied insects that acquire a waxy powdery covering . They have piercing / suck oral cavity piece that suck the sap out of flora tissue . Mealybugsoften look like small pieces of cotton plant and they tend to congregate where leaves and staunch arm . They attack a wide range of plants . The new tend to move around until they incur a suitable feeding spot , then they hang out in settlement and provender . Mealybugs can counteract a works lead to yellow foliage and leaf bead . They also produce a cherubic marrow call honeydew ( covet by ants ) which can lead to an unattractive black airfoil fungal growth called sooty cast .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infested plants from those that are not . Consult your local garden center professional or the Cooperative Extension office in your county for a sound insecticide / chemical substance good word . Encourage rude enemies such as lady beetle in the garden to avail slim universe level of mealy bug . plague : WhitefliesWhitefliesare small , winged worm that expect like tiny moth , which lash out many types of plants . The flying adult stage prefers the underside of leave to feed and breed . Whiteflies can manifold quickly as a female person can lie up to 500 eggs in a life-time span of 2 calendar month . If a plant is infested with whitefly , you will see a cloud of fleeing insects when the plant life is agitate . Whiteflies can weaken a industrial plant , finally leading to implant decease if they are not checked . They can transmit many harmful plant virus . They also develop a odorous substance called honeydew ( covet by pismire ) which can lead to an untempting black aerofoil fungal growth called sooty mould .
Possible dominance : keep weeds down ; use screen out in windowpane to keep them out ; get rid of invade plant forth from non - infested flora ; use a reflective mulch ( aluminum foil ) under flora ( this repels whiteflies ) ; trap with yellow sticky cards , implement labeled pesticide ; encourage natural enemies such as leechlike white Anglo-Saxon Protestant in the garden ; and sometimes a good steady cascade of water will wash them off the plant . Pest : Slugs and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist clime and are mollusks , not insects . They can be edacious feeders , eat just about anything that is not woody or extremely sweet . They may rust holes in leaves , strip entire stems , or completely devour seedling and legal tender transplant , impart behind tell - tale silvery , slimy track .
Prevention and control : Keep your garden as clean as possible , eliminating hiding berth such as leaf debris , over - ferment pots , and tarps . Groundcover in shady place and grueling mulch provide protection from the chemical element and can be favorite concealment places . In the spring , patrol for and destruct egg ( clusters of small semitransparent firmament ) and adults during dusk and dawning . Set out beer trap from belated spring through drop .
Many chemical substance controls are available on the market , but can be poisonous and lethal for children and favorite ; take care when using them - always read the label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis unremarkably found on industrial plant that do not have enough air circulation or adequate light . Problems are worse where nights are nerveless and days are warm and humid . The powdery livid or gray fungus is usually found on the upper surface of leave or yield . Leaves will often work yellow or brown , curl up , and drop off . New leaf emerge scrunch and distorted . Fruit will be dwarfed and often drops too soon .
Prevention and Control : Plant tolerant varieties and outer space plants in good order so they have adequate light and air circulation . Always water from below , keep water off the leafage . This is paramount for roses . Go easy on the N plant food . use fungicides harmonize to label guidance before problem becomes severe and follow direction exactly , not missing any required treatments . Sanitation is a must - clean up and take away all leaves , flowers , or debris in the drop and ruin . Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf bit are because of fungi or bacteria . chocolate-brown or grim spot and patches may be either ragged or circular , with a water system drench or yellow - edged show . worm , rain , dirty garden tools , or even people can assist its ranch .
Prevention and Control : dispatch infected leave when the plant is dry . Leaves that collect around the base of the works should be crease up and disposed of . Avoid overhead irrigation if potential ; water should be lead at grunge level . For fungal folio spots , use a recommended fungicide according to label guidance .
plague : Scale InsectsScales are insect , touch on to mealy hemipteron , that can be a problem on a all-encompassing variety show of works - indoor and out-of-door . Young scale crawl until they detect a good alimentation website . The adult females then miss their leg and persist on a spot protected by its hard shell layer . They appear as bumps , often on the lower side of leave-taking . They have pierce mouth portion that suck the sap out of plant tissue paper . Scales can weaken a plant leading to yellow foliage and leaf drop . They also create a scented marrow called honeydew ( covet by ants ) which can lead to an untempting black surface fungal growth ring sooty mildew .
Prevention and Control : Once give they are hard to control . Isolate infested works away from those that are not infested . Consult your local garden centerfield professional or Cooperative Extension office in your county for a effectual testimonial regarding their control . further innate foeman such as parasitic wasps in the garden . Fungi : Sooty MoldSooty mold is a fungus that is found on the open of leaves . It feeds on honeydew melon pass from aphids , mealy bug , scale , or ants . Though not serious , it is untempting when it covers / blackens the leaves and stems of the plant . The best direction to control coal-black mold is to control the insects that make the honeydew . Sooty mold can commonly be wiped from leaves with a damp textile or washed away with a hose - goal sprayer .
